Paradoxical Surrogate Markers of Dental Injury-Induced Pain in the Mouse.

Paradoxical surrogate markers of dental injury-induced pain in the mouse.

Pain. 2013 Apr 11;
Gibbs JL, Urban R, Basbaum AI

Dental pain, including toothache, is one of the most prevalent types of orofacial pain, causing severe, persistent pain that has a significant negative effect on quality of life, including eating disturbances, mood changes, and sleep disruption. As the primary cause of toothache pain is injury to the uniquely innervated dental pulp, rodent models of this injury provide the opportunity to study neurobiological mechanisms of tissue injury-induced persistent pain. Here we evaluated behavioral changes in mice with a dental pulp injury (DPI) produced by mechanically exposing the pulp to the oral environment. We monitored the daily life behaviors of mice with DPI, including measures of eating, drinking, and movement. During the first 48hours, the only parameter affected by DPI was locomotion, which was reduced. There was also a significant short-term decrease in the amount of weight gained by DPI animals that was not related to food consumption. As cold allodynia is frequently observed in individuals experiencing toothache pain, we tested whether mice with DPI demonstrate an aversion to drinking cold liquids using a cold-sucrose consumption test. Surprisingly, mice with DPI increased their consumption of sucrose solution, to over 150% of baseline, regardless of temperature. Both the weight loss and increased sucrose intake in the first 2days of injury were reversed by administration of indomethacin. These findings indicate that enhanced sucrose consumption may be a reliable measure of orofacial pain in rodents, and suggest that alterations in energy expenditure and motivational behaviors are under-recognized outcomes of tooth injury. HubMed – eating

Parent-Reported Effects of Gastrostomy Tube Placement.

Nutr Clin Pract. 2013 May 29;
Avitsland TL, Birketvedt K, Bjørnland K, Emblem R

Background: For children with major feeding problems and their parents, meals may be unpleasant. We aimed to evaluate how insertion of a gastrostomy tube influenced parent-child communication and satisfaction during meals, as well as duration of meals, oral intake, vomiting, and growth. Materials and Methods: Children admitted for a gastrostomy tube placement were included. Age, sex, diagnosis, and preoperative nasogastric tube were registered. Weight, height, oral feeding, duration of meals, and vomiting were assessed preoperatively and 6 and 18 months postoperatively. We used a numeric rating scale to assess parent-reported parental stress, child satisfaction, parent satisfaction, and parent-child communication during meals at all 3 time points. RESULTS: Fifty-eight children were included: 33 boys and 25 girls. Median age was 1.7 years (range, 0.5-14.7 years). Thirty-nine were neurologically impaired, and 44 had a nasogastric tube for a median of 7.5 months (range, 0.5-28 months) preoperatively. Child satisfaction (P = .001), parent satisfaction (P = .006), and parent-child communication (P = .026) during meals were significantly improved 18 months after receiving a gastrostomy tube. Vomiting was reduced in 42%, oral intake increased in 49%, and weight-for-height percentile increased in 55% of the children. Conclusions: In children with major feeding problems, a gastrostomy tube improved parent-child communication and satisfaction during meals. Furthermore, oral intake was increased, and vomiting was reduced. Growth improved in around half of the children. (Nutr Clin Pract. XXXX;xx:xx-xx). HubMed – eating

The Impact of Short-term Cardiac Rehabilitation on Changing Dietary Habits in Patients After Acute Coronary Syndrome.

J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2013 May 27;
Borowicz-Bienkowska S, Deskur-Smielecka E, Maleszka M, Przywarska I, Wilk M, Pilaczynska-Szczesniak L, Dylewicz P

PURPOSE:: The aim of this study was to determine whether short-term cardiac rehabilitation (CR), including dietary counseling, had an impact on changing eating habits in patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS:: The controlled, prospective, nonrandomized study was performed on 44 patients, early following ACS/PCI, who underwent 2- to 3-week inpatient CR with dietary counseling and compared to 18 patients who did not participate in CR. An analysis of the daily diet composition was performed at baseline, at 3 months post-ACS, and at 1 year post-ACS. RESULTS:: In the CR group, comparing baseline with 3 months post-ACS, daily calorie intake was significantly reduced from a mean ± SD of 2260 ± 525 kcal to 2037 ± 514 kcal (P < .05), and daily cholesterol intake from 509 ± 237 to 394 ± 199 mg (P < .05). The daily energy intake of saturated fatty acids was also significantly reduced from 13.6% at baseline to 12.2 ± 4.5% at 3 months and further reduced at 1 year post-ACS to 10.2 ± 4.3% (P < .05). Although both groups exhibited increased body mass index, the increase was significantly greater in the nonrehabilitation group than in the CR group at 1 year post-ACS (2.61 ± 2.23 vs 0.86 ± 1.67 kg/m, respectively, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS:: The analysis suggests that a short-term CR program following ACS, which includes educational meetings on dietary prevention of atherosclerosis, may result in some favorable and lasting modifications of eating habits of post-ACS patients. HubMed – eating