[Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection and Drug Resistance in Children: An Analysis of 1026 Cases].

[Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and drug resistance in children: an analysis of 1026 cases].

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2013 Jul; 15(7): 522-5
Yang AM, Song JH, Huang R, Jin SJ, Yang P

To investigate the Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection and drug resistance in children with respiratory tract infection and to provide a rational basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of MP infection.Throat swabs were collected from 3529 children with respiratory tract infection, who visited the pediatric outpatient department or received treatment in the pediatric ward of our hospital from September 2010 to September 2011. The swabs were cultured to detect MP. The drug sensitivity of MP to azithromycin, roxithromycin, erythromycin, acetylspiramycin and clarithromycin was evaluated.Of the 3529 children with respiratory tract infection, 1026 (29.07%) were MP-positive. There were cases of MP infection in all four seasons of the year but infection rates in summer and autumn were significantly higher than in spring and winter (P<0.05). The infection rate in females was higher than in males (30.43% vs 28.32%; P>0.05). The infection rate was negatively correlated with age in these children, and there were significant differences in the infection rate among all age groups (P<0.05). For macrolide antibiotics suitable for children, the cultured MP developed the highest resistance to roxithromycin, followed by erythromycin, acetylspiramycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin, with significant differences among them (P<0.01).MP infection rate is very high among children with respiratory tract infection. The incidence of MP infection is relatively low among school-age children and children are more susceptible to MP infection in summer and autumn than in spring and winter. Throat swabs should be cultured and drug sensitivity tests should be performed as early as possible in children with respiratory tract infection, so that proper intervention can be undertaken in time to reduce drug-resistant strains of MP. HubMed – drug

[Clinical analysis of 28 cases of pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome].

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2013 Jul; 15(7): 514-8
Xi WB, Wang D, Liu YF

To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).Twenty-eight children with MDS between January 2006 and March 2012 were enrolled in the study. Clinical symptoms, signs, laboratory examinations, treatment and outcomes were retrospectively studied.Anemia (96%), bleeding (68%), fever (68%) and hepatosplenomegaly (61%) were main clinical manifestaions in the 28 patients. Three cases (11%) converted into acute monocytic leukemia (M5), erythroleukemia (M6) or acute megakaryocytic leukemia (M7) one to two months later. Bone marrow proliferation mainly demonstrated as active or obviously active. One or two lineages of hematopoietic dysplasia were mostly observed in all 28 cases and obvious iron metabolism disorders were found in these patients. Cytogenetic abnormalities were detected in 45% of the 28 cases, most of which were numeral chromosome abnormalities. T cell, B cell and NK cell numbers decreased, Th cell numbers decreased, Ts cell numbers increased and Th /Ts inversed. Eight cases gave up treatment when confirmed. Of the 8 cases receiving symptomatic and supportive treatment alone, one was lost, one showed disease stability, and the remaining 6 cases showed disease progression. One patient who underwent induced differentiation and one who received hematopoietic therapy showed disease progression. Ten patients underwent chemotherapy. Two cases had no bone marrow remission after single agent chemotherapy. Of the 8 cases who underwent multi-drug combination chemotherapy, 4 cases achieved partial or complete remission of bone marrow.Pediatric MDS is characterized by a lack of typical clinical manifestations, and a high rate of conversion to leukemia. Bone marrow proliferation is mainly active in children with MDS. One or two lineages of hematopoietic dysplasia is common. Among the cytogenetic abnormalities, numeral chromosome abnormalities are common. Obvious iron metabolism disorders and abnormal cellular immunity are found in children with MDS. Multi-drug combination chemotherapy appears to slow the course of the disease. HubMed – drug

Discriminant Profile of Young Adulthood Driving Behavior among Brazilian Drivers.

Span J Psychol. 2013 Jan; 16: E8
Dotta-Panichi RM, Wagner A, Sarriera JC

The aim of this article was to describe the driving behavior profile of drivers aged 18 to 25 years old. Four hundred young adults were interviewed, 320 (80%) of them male and 80 (20%) female. Cluster analysis identified a group characterized by sensation-seeking behavior (Cluster 1), a group that did not show any risky driving behavior (Cluster 2), and a group engaged in transgressive behavior and driving under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs (Cluster 3). Discriminant analysis classified successfully and correctly 81.3% of the young adults into their original profiles. Function 1 distinguished cluster 1 from clusters 2 and 3, on the basis of the following factors: higher frequency of alcohol consumption, intrusive behavior, and motorcycle riding, as well as younger age, more aggressive behavior, and lower education level. Function 2 distinguished cluster 3 from cluster 1 and 2, especially as to higher amounts of alcohol consumption, higher frequency of marijuana use and delinquent behavior, larger number of traffic tickets and motor vehicle accidents, higher paternal education level, which were the variables with discriminant values above .20. Characteristics of vulnerability were identified, especially those related to alcohol consumption, drug use, and externalizing issues. HubMed – drug

Relationship between Stress Symptoms and Drug use among Secondary Students.

Span J Psychol. 2013 Jan; 16: E4
Frade IF, De Micheli D, Monezi Andrade AL, de Souza-Formigoni ML

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between drug use and four kinds of stress symptoms in 954 Brazilian students from the 6th to the 11th grades, in 4 public and 5 private schools in the city of Sao Paulo. Based on their answers to the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI-R) and to the Stress Scale for Adolescents (SSA), we compared regular drug users with non/occasional drug users regarding the frequency of four kinds of stress symptoms (psychological, cognitive, physiological, interpersonal), and the period in which it happened. When compared to non/occasional drug users, regular drug users presented higher levels of psychological, cognitive and physiological symptoms of stress and these symtoms were in the most severe spectrum of severity (near to exhaustion and exhaustion). The association between drug use and stress was even stronger in the youngest age group (11 to 13 years old). Most of the regular drug users were 16 years old and over, from upper-middle class families, had poor family relationships and more academic problems. These results confirm the association between drug use and stress in adolescents and highlight the need for early screening and intervention in both drug use and stressful situations. HubMed – drug

Sub-150nm mesoporous silica nanoparticles with tunable pore sizes and well-ordered mesostructure for protein encapsulation.

J Colloid Interface Sci. 2013 Jun 27;
Gu J, Huang K, Zhu X, Li Y, Wei J, Zhao W, Liu C, Shi J

Despite their great potentials as biomacromolecues delivery vehicles, there are few, if any, reports on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) simultaneously integrated with the merits of large pore size, small particle diameters and well-ordered mesostructure. Here, we designed a facile strategy for the synthesis of monodispersed MSNs using cationic surfactants (CSs) as templating agents, neutral amine of N,N-dimethylhexadecylamine (DMHA) as a pore size mediator and tri-block copolymer of F127 (EO106PO70EO106) as a particle growth inhibitor/dispersant. The obtained colloidal nanoparticles exhibited a highly ordered mesostructure and tunable pore diameter up to 4.6nm (BJH) and monodispersed particle sizes less than 150nm. A model protein of cytochrome c (CytC) was exemplified to be accommodated in the resultant MSNs and its loading amount was correlated with their pore size. The efficient cancer cellular uptake of the large-pore MSNs prefigured their potentials as intracellular delivery vehicles for membrane-impermeable proteins. HubMed – drug