Nurses’ Recognition of the Mental State of Cancer Patients and Their Own Stress Management – a Study of Japanese Cancer-Care Nurses.

Nurses’ recognition of the mental state of cancer patients and their own stress management – a study of Japanese cancer-care nurses.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Psychooncology. 2012 Sep 20;
Kaneko M, Ryu S, Nishida H, Tamasato K, Shimodaira Y, Nishimura K, Kume M

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to describe Japanese oncology nurses’ self-reported ability to assess and care for cancer patients’ mental health. A secondary aim was to describe nurses’ self-reported stress levels and need for stress management related to caring for oncology patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted from September to November 2010 among cancer-care nurses participating in mental healthcare training. The questionnaire asked about assessment of patient anxiety, depression, delirium, anger, and acceptance, and included four statements about work-related stress. A 4-point Likert scale was used for responses. RESULTS: The 88 participants (86 women) ranged in age from the 20s to the 50s, with the greatest number in their 30s (47.2%, n?=?42). More than 50% of nurses were very concerned about assessing cancer patient anxiety and depression; approximately 20% were extremely concerned about caring for depression and anger in patients. Overall, 83.2% (n?=?74) of cancer-care nurses felt distressed over their occupation, only 19.1% (n?=?17) stated that they were controlling their stress, and over half indicated a need for stress-management programs. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses perceived that assessments of and care for the mental state of cancer patients were inadequate. Cancer-care nurses need training in assessing and caring for the mental state of cancer patients, as well as stress management training programs for themselves. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HubMed – depression

Neurodegeneration, ?-amyloid and mood disorders: state of the art and future perspectives.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012 Sep 20;
Piccinni A, Origlia N, Veltri A, Vizzaccaro C, Marazziti D, Vanelli F, Moroni I, Domenici L, Dell’osso L

OBJECTIVE: Depression may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent studies have shown modifications in blood beta-amyloid (A?) levels in depressed patients. This literature review examines the potential relationship between A?-mediated neurotoxicity and pathophysiology of mood disorders. DESIGN: We conducted a review of the literature focusing on recent studies reporting alterations of plasma and serum A? peptides levels in patients suffering from mood disorders. RESULTS: Different data suggest that patients with mood disorders are at great risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia. In particular, low plasma levels of A?42 peptide and a high A?40/A?42 ratio have been found in depressed patients. In addition, changes in A? protein levels in patients with mood disorders have been associated with the severity of cognitive impairment and correlated positively with the number of episodes and severity of illness course. CONCLUSIONS: Given the intriguing association between change in plasma level of A?, depression and cognitive impairment, future work should focus on the relationship between A? peripheral level(s), biomarkers of neurodegeneration and development of dementia in patients affected by mood disorders. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HubMed – depression

Is There Anything Really Novel on the Antidepressant Horizon?

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2012 Sep 21;
Murrough JW, Charney DS

Major depression represents one of the most disabling illnesses worldwide and current treatments are only partially effective. All antidepressant agents modulate the monoamine system, which likely accounts for the similar efficacy profile of available treatments. Herein we summarize the current state of depression therapeutics and assess the antidepressant development pipeline. Antidepressant response rates in controlled trials are estimated at ~54 % and real-world effectiveness data suggests a somewhat lower rate. Response rates are lower still in patients who have not responded to previous treatment attempts and meaningful advancements will likely come only from identification of mechanistically novel agents. Monoaminergic agents largely dominate the antidepressant development pipeline, however the glutamate neurotransmitter system represents a bright spot on the antidepressant horizon. We review in detail findings regarding the antidepressant effects of the glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine in order to highlight the promise of novel agents as future treatments for major depression.
HubMed – depression

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