Eating Disorders: Triiodothyronine (T3) and Metabolic Rate in Adolescents With Eating Disorders: Is There a Correlation?

Triiodothyronine (T3) and metabolic rate in adolescents with eating disorders: is there a correlation?

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Eat Weight Disord. 2012 Nov 26;
Aschettino-Manevitz DL, Ornstein RM, Meyer Sterling W, Kohn N, Fisher M

Purpose: To examine the correlation between T3 and resting energy expenditure(REE) in adolescent patients with eating disorders (ED) to assess whether T3 can be used to predict metabolic rate suppression and recovery. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with ED (Anorexia Nervosa [AN], Bulimia Nervosa [BN], and Eating Disorder NOS [EDNOS]), aged 11-22 years, who had T3 and REE measured within 1 month (n=38 AN, 32 BN/EDNOS). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) and represented as the percentage of expected REE (%EREE) predicted by the Harris-Benedict equation. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationship between T3 and %EREE and how each correlates with anthropometric data, laboratory values, and diagnosis. Results: T3 was significantly correlated with %EREE in the AN group but not in the total population or BN/EDNOS group. In the total study population, T3 alone correlated significantly with weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI percentile, %Ideal Body Weight (IBW), %Maximum Weight Lost (MWL), LH, and estradiol. In the AN group, T3 and %EREE both correlated with BMI, BMI percentile, LH, and estradiol; however, only T3 correlated with %IBW and %MWL. In the BN/EDNOS group, T3 correlated with BMI, BMI percentile, %IBW, and estradiol while %EREE correlated with none. Conclusion: In patients with AN, T3 correlated significantly with markers of malnutrition and %EREE and may serve as a surrogate measure when IC is unavailable. Following T3 during treatment of AN may assist clinicians in assessing metabolic suppression and recovery and help guide caloric prescriptions and goal weights.
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Eating disorder (ED) detection through personality traits and self-concept.

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Eat Weight Disord. 2012 Nov 26;
Sánchez Guarnido AJ, Herruzo Cabrera FJ, Pino Osuna MJ

The current scientific evidence suggests that certain dimensions of the personality and self-concept act as risk factors of ED. However, there is little investigation that explores the different elements involved in both groups of variables together and in an exhaustive way. Our aim is to be able to discriminate between individuals diagnosed with ED and free controls of symptoms according to these personality traits and self-concept. To accomplish our objective, the Inventory of Eating Disorders 2 (EDI-2), Inventory of Personality NEO Revised (NEO-PI-R) and Self- Concept Form-5 (AF-5) were administrated to a sample composed of 69 cases of ED and 89 controls and an analysis of logistic regression was done. The pattern obtained could correctly classify 96.2% of the people diagnosed with ED and, consistent with the previous research, it should work in the same way to detect people at risk of developing ED in the future.
HubMed – eating disorders

Food reward-sensitive interaction of ghrelin and opioid receptor pathways in mesolimbic dopamine system.

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Neuropharmacology. 2012 Dec 6;
Kawahara Y, Kaneko F, Yamada M, Kishikawa Y, Kawahara H, Nishi A

Ghrelin is a stomach-derived orexigenic peptide. The goal of the study was to investigate the roles of mu and kappa opioid receptors in systemic ghrelin-mediated regulation of the mesolimbic dopamine system. To evaluate the interaction of systemic ghrelin with values of food reward, rats were exposed to food removal, regular food or palatable food after systemic ghrelin administration. Extracellular dopamine levels were quantified in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and receptor-specific compounds were infused into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) using dual-probe microdialysis. Consumption of regular or palatable food without systemic ghrelin administration induced an increase in dopamine levels in the NAc via activation of mu opioid receptors in the VTA. Systemic ghrelin administration (3 nmol, i.v.) followed by no food induced a decrease in dopamine levels via activation of kappa opioid receptors in the VTA. Systemic ghrelin administration followed by consumption of regular food induced an increase in dopamine levels via preferential activation of mu opioid receptors, whereas systemic ghrelin administration followed by consumption of palatable food suppressed the increase in dopamine levels via preferential activation of kappa opioid receptors. Thus, natural food reward and systemic ghrelin activate mu and kappa opioid receptor pathways in the VTA, respectively, resulting in opposite influences on dopamine release in the NAc. Furthermore, systemic ghrelin induces switching of the dominant opioid receptor pathway for highly rewarding food from mu to kappa, resulting in suppression of the mesolimbic dopamine system. These novel findings might provide insights into the neural pathways involved in eating disorders.
HubMed – eating disorders

Body checking and associated cognitions among Brazilian outpatients with eating disorders and nonpsychiatric controls.

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Body Image. 2012 Dec 5;
Kachani AT, Brasiliano S, Cordás TA, Hochgraf PB

This work aims to compare in patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and control subjects: (a) body checking types, frequency, and parts; (b) prevalence of body avoidance and the most checked body parts; (c) body checking cognitions. Eighty-five outpatients with eating disorders (ED) and 40 controls filled out validated body checking and cognition questionnaires. ED patients, especially bulimia nervosa, check their bodies more than do the control subjects. The most checked area was the belly. The most frequent means of body checking was mirror checking, while the most avoided was weighing. The reasons that participants in the various study groups check their bodies seem to differ. Given the importance of body checking in the etiology and maintenance of EDs, it is important that clinicians consider this behavior, as well as the factors that lead to checking/avoidance in the different eating disorder subtypes, so that treatment may be more specific.
HubMed – eating disorders

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