Addiction Rehab: [Rapid Release Fentanyl Administration Forms : Comments of the Working Group on Tumor Pain of the German Pain Society.]
[Rapid release fentanyl administration forms : Comments of the Working Group on Tumor Pain of the German Pain Society.]
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Schmerz. 2013 Feb 3;
Wirz S, Wiese CH, Zimmermann M, Junker U, Heuser-Grannemann E, Schenk M
The spectrum of indications for rapid release fentanyl preparations is controversial. For this reason the Working Group on Tumor Pain will formulate comments on how to deal with these substances.Breakthrough pain should receive individualized therapy; therefore, the use of opioids of various galenic formulations seems to be advisable. New rapid release fentanyl preparations are suitable for alleviating spontaneous breakthrough pain in tumor patients due to a rapid but short-acting effect. However, a prior optimization of the analgesic basis medication is absolutely necessary. Uncontrolled prescription for non-cancer pain must be criticized due to the problem of addiction. The medical profession should be informed about the benefits of rapid release fentanyl preparations but must also be made aware of the risk of a rapid development of addiction and tolerance. A self-commitment of the pharmaceutical industry to waive advertising for the dangerous off-label use would be desirable. In the opinion of the Working Group on Tumor Pain the use of fentanyl should be openly discussed and further scientific investigations are imperative with the aim of formulating clear recommendations.
HubMed – addiction
Proteomic profile of differentially expressed proteins in the medial prefrontal cortex after repeated cocaine exposure.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Neuroscience. 2013 Jan 29;
Guan X, Guan Y
Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated in the reward process and the development of cocaine addiction. In the current study, we used proteomics-based approach, combining 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) with mass spectrometry (MS), to analyze protein expression profiles of rat mPFC after repeated cocaine exposure. Conditioned place preference (CPP) assay was used here to evaluate cocaine-induced reward effect in rats. We detected about 3100 protein spots in rat mPFC. After repeated cocaine exposure, 125 spots were changed by more than 1.1-fold of control levels. Among them, 71 spots with 1.5-fold or greater changes in protein expression over control levels have been identified, including 50 spots were up-regulated and 21 spots were down-regulated by repeated cocaine exposure. These identified proteins that showed significant changes in expression in mPFC after repeated cocaine exposure may be useful biomarkers for assessing cocaine abuse and potential new targets for investigating the mechanism of cocaine abuse.
HubMed – addiction
Comparison of the effects of the GABA(B) receptor positive modulator BHF177 and the GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen on anxiety-like behavior, learning, and memory in mice.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Neuropharmacology. 2013 Jan 29;
Li X, Risbrough VB, Cates-Gatto C, Kaczanowska K, Finn MG, Roberts AJ, Markou A
?-Aminobutyric acid B (GABA(B)) receptor activation is a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of drug addiction, pain, anxiety, and depression. However, full agonists of this receptor induce side-effects, such as sedation, muscle relaxation, tolerance, and cognitive disruption. Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the GABA(B) receptor may have similar therapeutic effects as agonists with superior side-effect profiles. The present study behaviorally characterized N-([1R,2R,4S]-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl)-2-methyl-5-(4-[trifluoromethyl]phenyl)-4-pyrimidinamine (BHF177), a GABA(B) receptor PAM, in mouse models of anxiety-like behavior, learning and memory. In addition, the effects of BHF177 were compared with the agonist baclofen. Unlike the anxiolytic chlordiazepoxide, baclofen (0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and BHF177 (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, orally) had no effect on anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze, light/dark box, or the Vogel conflict test. Baclofen increased punished drinking in the Vogel conflict test, however this effect may be attributable to analgesic actions of baclofen. At the highest dose tested (2.5 mg/kg), baclofen-treated mice exhibited sedation-like effects (i.e., reduced locomotor activity) across many of the tests, whereas BHF177-treated mice exhibited no sedation-like effects. BHF177 exhibited pro-convulsion properties only in mice, but not in rats, indicating that this effect may be species-specific. At doses that were not sedative or pro-convulsant, baclofen and BHF177 had no selective effects on fear memory retrieval in contextual and cued fear conditioning or spatial learning and memory in the Barnes maze. These data suggest that BHF177 has little sedative activity, no anxiolytic-like profile, and minimal impairment of learning and memory in mice.
HubMed – addiction
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