Eating Disorders: Body Composition and Eating Behaviours in Relation to Dieting Involvement in a Sample of Urban Greek Adolescents From the TEENAGE (TEENs of Attica: Genes & Environment) Study.
Body composition and eating behaviours in relation to dieting involvement in a sample of urban Greek adolescents from the TEENAGE (TEENs of Attica: Genes & Environment) study.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Public Health Nutr. 2013 Feb 11; 1-8
Ntalla I, Giannakopoulou M, Vlachou P, Giannitsopoulou K, Gkesou V, Makridi C, Marougka M, Mikou G, Ntaoutidou K, Prountzou E, Tsekoura A, Dedoussis GV
OBJECTIVE: To document the prevalence of dieting and to compare body composition markers, dietary intakes and eating behaviours across dieting categories. DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Twenty-four randomly selected secondary public schools located in Attica, Greece. SUBJECTS: Anthropometric, medical and dietary information was obtained from 857 (54·9 % females) adolescents (mean age 13·4 (sd 0·9) years). Meal patterns, eating behaviours and eating style score, reflecting conditions around eating, were assessed. Adolescents were asked about their dieting involvement and were categorised as ‘never dieters’, ‘current dieters’ or ‘past dieters’. RESULTS: Overall, 20·1 % of the adolescents were currently dieting and 15·2 % reported past dieting. Mean BMI and body fat percentage of never dieters were significantly lower than those of both groups of dieters (P < 0·001). Breakfast skipping (? 2 = 10·92, P = 0·004) and eating large quantities of food (? 2 = 7·18, P = 0·028) differed significantly across dieting groups in females. Significant differences in dinner skipping were observed in both males (? 2 = 10·55, P = 0·005) and females (? 2 = 20·91, P < 0·001). Female past dieters had significantly higher eating style scores than never dieters (P = 0·010) and current dieters (P = 0·042), indicating less well-structured feeding practices and food intake for reasons other than hunger. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed a high prevalence of dieting among adolescents. Current dieters and past dieters had higher BMI and body fat percentage than never dieters. Eating behaviours differed significantly depending on dieting involvement, especially in females; while an apparently healthier, ordered eating style adopted by dieters during the dieting period seemed not to be maintained in the long term. HubMed – eating
Food, fizzy, and football: promoting unhealthy food and beverages through sport – a New Zealand case study.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
BMC Public Health. 2013 Feb 11; 13(1): 126
Carter MA, Signal L, Edwards R, Hoek J, Maher A
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: High participation rates in sport and increasing recognition of how diet benefits athletic performance suggest sports settings may be ideal locations for promoting healthy eating. While research has demonstrated the effect of tobacco and alcohol sponsorship on consumption, particularly among youth, few studies have examined the extent or impact of food and beverage company sponsorship in sport. Studies using brand logos as a measure suggest unhealthy foods and beverages dominate sports sponsorship. However, as marketing goes beyond the use of brand livery, research examining how marketers support sponsorships that create brand associations encouraging consumer purchase is also required. This study aimed to identify the characteristics and extent of sponsorships and associated marketing by food and non-alcoholic beverage brands and companies through a case study of New Zealand sport. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of 308 websites of national and regional New Zealand sporting organisations to identify food and beverage sponsors, which were then classified as healthy or unhealthy using nutrient criteria for energy, fat, sodium and fibre levels. We interviewed 18 key informants from national and regional sporting organisations about sponsorships. RESULTS: Food and beverage sponsorship of sport is not extensive in New Zealand. However, both healthy and unhealthy brands and companies do sponsor sport. Relatively few support their sponsorships with additional marketing. Interviews revealed that although many sports organisations felt concerned about associating themselves with unhealthy foods or beverages, others considered sponsorship income more important. CONCLUSIONS: While there is limited food and beverage sponsorship of New Zealand sport, unhealthy food and beverage brands and companies do sponsor sport. The few that use additional marketing activities create repeat exposure for their brands, many of which target children. The findings suggest policies that restrict sponsorship of sports by unhealthy food and beverage manufacturers may help limit children’s exposure to unhealthy food marketing within New Zealand sports settings. Given the global nature of the food industry, the findings of this New Zealand case study may be relevant elsewhere.
HubMed – eating
Do physician beliefs about causes of obesity translate into actionable issues on which physicians counsel their patients?
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Prev Med. 2013 Feb 4;
Bleich SN, Gudzune KA, Bennett WL, Cooper LA
OBJECTIVE: To describe the relationship between primary care physicians’ (PCPs’) beliefs about the causes of obesity with the frequency of nutritional counseling. METHODS: We analyzed a national cross-sectional internet-based survey of 500 US PCPs collected between February and March 2011. RESULTS: PCPs that identified overconsumption of food as a very important cause of obesity had significantly greater odds of counseling patients to reduce portion sizes (OR 3.40; 95%CI: 1.73-6.68) and avoid high calorie ingredients when cooking (OR 2.16; 95%CI: 1.07-4.33). Physicians who believed that restaurant/fast food eating was a very important cause of obesity had significantly greater odds of counseling patients to avoid high calorie menu items outside the home (OR 1.93; 95%CI: 1.20-3.11). Physicians who reported that sugar-sweetened beverages were a very important cause of obesity had significantly greater odds of counseling their obese patients to reduce consumption (OR 5.99; 95%CI: 3.53-10.17). CONCLUSIONS: PCP beliefs about the diet-related causes of obesity may translate into actionable nutritional counseling topics for physicians to use with their patients.
HubMed – eating
Group follow-up compared to individual clinic visits after structured education for type 1 diabetes: A cluster randomised controlled trial.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2013 Feb 8;
Dinneen SF, O’Hara MC, Byrne M, Smith D, Courtney CH, McGurk C, Heller SR, Newell J, Coffey N, Breen C, O’Scannail M, O’Shea D,
AIM: To compare the effectiveness of group follow-up with individual follow-up after participation in the Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (DAFNE) structured education programme. METHODS: Cluster randomised controlled trial involving 437 adults with type 1 diabetes attending hospital diabetes clinics in Ireland. All participants received DAFNE at baseline. Intervention arm participants received 2 group education sessions post-DAFNE and did not attend clinics. Control arm participants received 2 one-to-one clinic visits post-DAFNE. RESULTS: We observed no significant difference in the primary outcome (change in HbA(1c)) at 18 months follow-up (mean difference 0.14%; 95% CI -0.33 to 0.61; p=0.47). Secondary outcomes, including rates of severe hypoglycaemia, anxiety, depression, the burden of living with diabetes and quality of life did not differ between groups. Mean level of HbA(1c) for the entire sample (regardless of treatment arm) did not change between baseline and 18 month follow-up (p=0.09), but rates of severe hypoglycaemia, diabetes related hospital attendance, levels of anxiety, depression, the burden of living with diabetes, quality of life and treatment satisfaction all significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that group follow-up as the sole means of follow-up after structured education for individuals with type 1 diabetes is as effective as a return to one-to-one clinic visits.
HubMed – eating
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