Serum Concentrations and Hypoglycemic Effect of Gliclazide:crosspovidone Solid Dispersion on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats.

Serum concentrations and hypoglycemic effect of gliclazide:crosspovidone solid dispersion on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Drug Res (Stuttg). 2013 Feb; 63(2): 94-7
Adibkia K, Babaei H, Asnaashari S, Andalib S, Khorrami A, Ghavimi H, Jadidinia V, Hajiloo H, Barzegar-Jalali M

Gliclazide is practically insoluble in water and its GI absorption is limited by its dissolution rate. Our previously published works indicated that preparing gliclazide-crosspovidone solid dispersion in the drug/ carrier ratio of 1:1 using cogrinding technique is able to enhance drug dissolution rate. The coground of gliclazide-crosspovidone was administrated to the rats and the hypoglycemic effects of pure drug, a physical mixture and the coground were considered in 3 groups of rats weighing 200-250 g (n=6). The rats were made diabetic by single intravenous administration of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Each of the rats received a single dose of gliclazide (equivalent to 40 mg/kg) as pure drug, physical mixture and coground in an aqueous suspension. Glucose level was assessed via glucometer after collecting the blood samples from tail vein. Gliclazide concentration in plasma was assessed applying high pressure liquid chromatography. According to 1-way ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls test, the coground revealed enhanced hypoglycemic effects as well as higher serum gliclazide concentration relative to pure drug and its corresponding physical mixture in the all sampling times. The area under serum glucose concentration curve vs. time for the pure gliclazide, physical mixture and coground formulations were 3 090.5±79, 3 018.8±96 and 2 374.0±73 mg.h/dl, respectively. Correspondingly, their area under serum gliclazide concentration curve vs. time were 1 171.8±156.8, 1 379.5±96.2 and 4 827.7±637.5 ?g.h/ml. It follows that; formulation of gliclazide-crosspovidone coground is able to improve oral absorption of the drug. HubMed – drug

Otogenic Cerebellar Abscess by Enterococcus avium, a Very Rare Infectious Agent.

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2013 Feb 20;
Escribano JA, Solivera J, Vidal E, Rivin E, Lozano J

We present a patient with an otogenic cerebellar abscess caused by Enterococcus avium, a microorganism that is a rare cause of infection in humans. The patient experienced full recovery after early needle aspiration of the abscess and surgical treatment of the primary focus. Linezolid was selected as a first-line antimicrobial drug. HubMed – drug

Is retention of zoledronic acid onto bone different in multiple myeloma and breast cancer patients with bone metastasis?

J Bone Miner Res. 2013 Feb 20;
Søe K, Plesner T, Jakobsen EH, Hansen CT, Jørgensen HB, Delaissé JM

Zoledronic acid is used to treat bone disease in both multiple myeloma (MM) and breast cancer patients (pts) with bone metastasis (BC). However, bones of MM and BC pts show a difference in retention of the bisphosphonate used for bone scintigraphy. Therefore we hypothesized that disease-specific factors may differently influence Zol retention in MM and BC pts. We tested this hypothesis in an investigator initiated phase II clinical trial where we compared the whole body retention (WBrt) of Zol in a cohort of 30 multiple myeloma (MM) and 30 breast cancer (BC) (20 Zol naive and 40 with ?6 previous administrations). On average, 62% of the administered Zol was retained in the skeleton of both MM and BC pts and independently of the number of treatments. WBrt of Zol did not correlate with CTX levels, but linear regression analyses showed correlation with bALP levels in BC (p=0.001), but rather with CTX/bALP in Zol naive MM pts (p=0.012). Especially in BC pts WBrt correlated with age (p=0.014) independently of kidney function. In MM pts WBrt was found to primarily correlate with the extent of bone disease (p=0.028). Multivariate linear regression analyses of the entire cohort pointed out that WBrt of Zol was best predicted by age (p<0.000), osseous lesions (p<0.001) and the preceding Zol dosing (p<0.005)(r(2) =0.97). Comparing bone scintigrams with CT/X-ray images showed a poor correlation between sites of active bone disease and binding of scintigraphy bisphosphonate in 36% of MM pts and in 13% of BC pts. We conclude that WBrt of Zol is primarily determined by non-disease related factors, but that there may be differences in retention or drug delivery at individual sites of bone disease between MM and BC pts. In order to find the optimal dosing of Zol these observations should be taken into account. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. HubMed – drug

Martin Tremblay Guilty In Teens' Overdose Deaths
Court heard the girls died of a lethal combination of drugs and alcohol which Tremblay provided. Tremblay also faces seven … Stiffer, longer sentences will turn young offenders into hardened criminals and undermine any potential for rehabilitation … Read more on Huffington Post Canada