Shoulder Strength Imbalances as Injury Risk in Handball.
Shoulder Strength Imbalances as Injury Risk in Handball.
Int J Sports Med. 2013 Feb 26;
Edouard P, Degache F, Oullion R, Plessis JY, Gleizes-Cervera S, Calmels P
This study was conducted to analyze whether internal (IR) and external (ER) rotator shoulder muscles weakness and/or imbalance collected through a preseason assessment could be predictors of subsequent shoulder injury during a season in handball players. In preseason, 16 female elite handball players (HPG) and 14 healthy female nonathletes (CG) underwent isokinetic IR and ER strength test with use of a Con-Trex® dynamometer in a seated position with 45° shoulder abduction in scapular plane, at 60, 120 and 240°/s in concentric and at 60°/s in eccentric, for both sides. An imbalanced muscular strength profile was determined using -statistically selected cut-offs from CG values. For HPG, all newly incurred shoulder injuries were reported during the season. There were significant differences between HPG and CG only for dominant eccentric IR strength, ER/IR ratio at 240°/s and for IRecc/ERcon ratio. In HPG, IR and ER strength was higher, and ER/IR ratios lower for dominant than for nondominant side. The relative risk was 2.57 (95%CI: 1.60-3.54; P<0.05) if handball players had an imbalanced muscular strength profile. In youth female handball players IR and ER muscle strength increases on the dominant side without ER/IR imbalances; and higher injury risk was associated with imbalanced muscular strength profile. HubMed – rehab
FOP in China and Japan: An overview from domestic literatures.
Am J Med Genet A. 2013 Feb 26;
Jiao S, Zhang Y, Ma W, Haga N
N400 predicts recovery from disorders of consciousness.
Ann Neurol. 2012 Dec 13;
Steppacher I, Eickhoff S, Jordanov T, Kaps M, Witzke W, Kissler J
OBJECTIVE: Patients with the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS; formerly vegetative state) or in a minimally conscious state (MCS) open their eyes spontaneously but show no (UWS) or only marginal (MCS) signs of awareness. Because these states can become permanent, residual information processing capacities need to be determined, and reliable outcome predictors need to be found. We assessed higher-order cortical information processing in UWS or MCS in a large group of patients using electroencephalographic event-related potentials (ERPs) and determined their long-term prognostic value for recovery. METHODS: Cognitive ERPs elicited by sound (P300) and speech (N400) were used to assess information processing in 92 behaviorally unresponsive patients diagnosed as in the state of either UWS (n=53) or MCS (n=39). ERPs were assessed with a clinical standard evaluation method and a computerized method, the t-continuous wavelet transform. The patients’ clinical outcome was followed up between 2 and 14 years after discharge from the rehabilitation center. RESULTS: Within the first year of the disease, many patients showed an intact P300 and several also an N400, indicating considerable residual information processing. At clinical follow-up, about 25% of the patients recovered and regained communicative capabilities. A highly significant relationship between N400, but not P300, presence and subsequent recovery was found. INTERPRETATION: Results specify cognitive capabilities in disorders of consciousness, and determine their prognostic value. Specifically the N400 ERP is suggested as an important tool to assess information-processing capacities that can predict the likelihood of recovery of patients in UWS or MCS. Ann Neurol 2013; HubMed – rehab