[Short-Term Efficacy Comparison of Complete Mesocolic Excision and Traditional Colon Cancer Resection.]
[Short-term efficacy comparison of complete mesocolic excision and traditional colon cancer resection.]
Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2013 Mar; 16(3): 264-267
Wang T, Ye YJ, Han YM, Gao ZD, Guo P, Yang XD, Jiang KW, Yin MJ, Wang S
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short-term efficacy of complete mesocolic excision (CME). METHODS: Clinical data of 62 cases of colon cancer(I(-III( phase) with radical resection including CME surgery group of 31 cases and traditional surgery group of 31 cases from January 2011 to October 2011 in Peking University People’s Hospital were retrospective analyzed. RESULTS: The number of removed lymph node in CME and traditional resection group was 22.5±1.8 and 17.6±1.3 respectively (P<0.05) and the positive rate of lymph node in mesentery root was 9.7%(3/31) in CME surgery group. Operative blood loss was (123.5±17.6) ml and (143.5±15.3) ml in CME and traditional resection group without significant difference(P>0.05). Except for more abdominal drainage volume of 3 days post-operation in CME group(P<0.05), the postoperative recovery indicators of postoperative drainage tube removed time, exhaust time, eating time, and the socioeconomic effects indicators of postoperative hospitalization, hospitalization costs were not significantly different between two groups(all P>0.05). Postoperative intestinal obstruction occurred in 3 cases and 4 cases, lymph fistula in 2 cases and 0 case, wound dehiscence in 1 case and 1 case in CME group and traditional resection group respectively. Postoperative complication rate was not significantly different(19.4% vs. 16.1%, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Compared with traditional radical surgery, CME sweeps lymph nodes more thoroughly, including lymph nodes of mesocolic roots, and does not affect postoperative recovery and increase the risk of postoperative complications. HubMed – eating
Physical activity and sedentary time in persons with obstructive sleep apnea and overweight enrolled in a randomized controlled trial for enhanced physical activity and healthy eating.
Sleep Breath. 2013 Mar 28;
Igelström H, Emtner M, Lindberg E, Asenlöf P
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to describe the amount of physical activity and sedentary time in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and overweight and to explore potential disease-related and psychological correlates. METHODS: A descriptive and correlational study was performed. Prospective data of physical activity and sedentary time were collected through accelerometry, and body mass index (BMI), daytime sleepiness, exercise self-efficacy, fear of movement, and depressive symptoms were measured at one point. Seventy-three participants with overweight (mean BMI, 35 kg/m(2) (5 SD)) and moderate/severe OSAS (apnea-hypopnea index ?15) were consecutively recruited. Multivariate associations were determined through multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The participants took a daily average of 7,734 (3,528 SD) steps, spent an average of 77 min (54 SD) in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and spent 11 h and 45 min (2 h and 8 min SD) sedentary. BMI, daytime sleepiness, exercise self-efficacy, fear of movement, and depressive symptoms did not explain variance in MVPA or steps but explained 22.9 % of variance in sedentary time. In backward selection analysis, BMI contributed to the explanatory degree of MVPA with 9 % whereas, fear of movement explained 6.3 % of the variance in steps and 14.3 % of the variance in sedentary time. CONCLUSIONS: An important implication for future physical activity interventions is that both physical activity and sedentary behaviors should be targeted, and fear of movement may be an important determinant for change in patients with OSAS and overweight. HubMed – eating
Comparing the effects of food restriction and overeating on brain reward systems.
Exp Gerontol. 2013 Mar 24;
Avena NM, Murray S, Gold MS
Both caloric restriction and overeating have been shown to affect neural processes associated with reinforcement. Both preclinical and some clinical studies have provided evidence that food restriction may increase reward sensitivity, and while there are mixed findings regarding the effects of overeating on reward sensitivity, there is strong evidence linking this behavior with changes in reward-related brain regions. Evidence of these changes comes in part from findings that show that such eating patterns are associated with increased drug use. The data discussed here regarding the differential effects of various eating patterns on reward systems may be particularly relevant to the aging population, as this population has been shown to exhibit altered reward sensitivity and decreased caloric consumption. Moreover, members of this population appear to be increasingly affected by the current obesity epidemic. Food, like alcohol or drugs, can stimulate its own consumption and produce similar neurochemical changes in the brain. Age-related loss of appetite, decreased eating, and caloric restriction are hypothesized to be associated with changes in the prevalence of substance misuse, abuse, and dependence seen in this cohort. HubMed – eating
Oxidized Trilinoleate and Tridocosahexaenoate Induce Pica Behavior and Change Locomotor Activity.
J Oleo Sci. 2013; 62(4): 207-212
Kitamura F, Watanabe H, Umeno A, Yoshida Y, Kurata K, Gotoh N
Pica behavior, a behavior that is characterized by eating a nonfood material such as kaolin and relates to the degree of discomfort in animals, and the variations of locomotor activity of rats after eating deteriorated fat and oil extracted from instant noodles were examined in our previous study. The result shows that oxidized fat and oil with at least 100 meq/kg in peroxide value (PV) increase pica behavior and decrease locomotor activity. In the present study, the same two behaviors were measured using autoxidized trilinoleate (tri-LA) and tridocosahexaenoate (tri-DHA) as a model of vegetable and fish oil, respectively, to compare fatty acid differences against the induction of two behaviors. The oxidized levels of tri-LA and tri-DHA were analyzed with PV and p-anisidine value (AnV), the method to analyze secondary oxidized products. The oxidation levels of respective triacylglycerol (TAG) samples were carefully adjusted to make them having almost the same PV and AnV. As the results, 600 or more meq/kg in PV of both TAGs significantly increased the consumption of kaolin pellets compared to the control group. Furthermore, 300 or more meq/kg in PV of tri-LA and 200 or more meq/kg in PV of tri-DHA demonstrated significant decrease in locomotor activity compared to control group. These results would indicate that the oxidized TAG having the same PV and/or AnV would induce the same type of pica behavior and locomotor activity. Furthermore, that the structure of oxidized products might not be important and the amount of hydroperoxide group and/or aldehyde group in deteriorated fats and oils might affect the pica behavior and locomotor activity were thought. HubMed – eating
Environments predicting intermittent shortening access reduce operant performance but not home cage binge size in rats.
Physiol Behav. 2013 Mar 24;
Wojnicki FH, Babbs RK, Corwin RL
When non-food-deprived rats are given brief access to vegetable shortening (a semi-solid fat used in baked products) on an intermittent basis (Monday, Wednesday, Friday), they consume significantly more and emit more operant responses for shortening than a separate group of rats given brief access to shortening every day. Since both groups are traditionally housed in the same room, it is possible that the environmental cues associated with placing shortening in the cages (e.g., investigator in room, cages opening and closing, etc.) provide predictable cues to the daily group, but unpredictable cues to the intermittent group. The present study examined the effects of providing predictable environmental cues to an isolated intermittent group in order to examine the independent contributions of intermittency and predictability on intake and operant performance. Two groups of rats were housed in the same room, with one group provided 30-min intermittent (INT) access and the second group provided 30-min daily access (D) to shortening. A third group (ISO) of rats was housed in a room by themselves in which all environmental cues associated with intermittent shortening availability were highly predictable. After five weeks of home cage shortening access, all rats were then exposed to several different operant schedules of reinforcement. The INT and ISO groups consumed significantly more shortening in the home cage than the D group. In contrast, the INT group earned significantly more reinforcers than both the ISO and D groups under all but one of the reinforcement schedules, while ISO and D did not differ. These data indicate that intermittent access will generate binge-type eating in the home cage independent of cue predictability. However, predictable cues in the home cage reduce operant responding independent of intermittent access. HubMed – eating