Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Dietary Patterns Among Children.

Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Dietary Patterns among Children.

Curr Nutr Rep. 2013 Jun; 2(2): 105-112
Gubbels JS, van Assema P, Kremers SP

Energy balance-related behavioral patterns find their origin in early childhood. The current paper provides an overview of studies that have examined such behavioral patterns, i.e., the clustering of dietary behaviors, physical activity, and/or sedentary behavior. The paper discusses the importance of examining energy balance-related behavioral patterns in children, outlines methods to examine these patterns, and provides examples of patterns that have been found (e.g., the universal sedentary-snacking and healthy intake patterns, as well as more unique or local patterns), child and parental characteristics predicting such patterns (e.g., child gender and maternal educational level), and the relationship of these patterns with overweight and related measures. HubMed – eating

Treatment modalities in severe mento-sternal synechia.

Int J Burns Trauma. 2013; 3(2): 87-95
Ayhan M, Sevim KZ, Gorgu M

Scar contracture of the neck after a burn-injury can cause both functional and aesthetic problems, and still presents a challenge for plastic surgeons. The anatomic area and adjacent structures such as the lower lip, trachea and neuro-vascular structures which are affected by the scar make treatment diffucult. Scarring and contracture of the neck region may severely limit function, cause alterations of normal posture and make intubation for surgery difficult. When a burn scar extends toward the face, eating and swallowing may be restricted and facial distortion may develop as the scar pulls the mouthdownwards even the lower eyelids.Following the upper extremity, the neck is the most common site affected by burn contracture. The method chosen for contracture release, depends on the severity of scarring and extent of involvement. If the contracture area is limited, z-plasties, skin grafts or local skin flaps are adequate for the treatment but when the whole anterior neck is affected, the treatment modalities are limited and mostly skin grafts either meshed or unmeshed are used.In this study we evaluated the usage of alternative teatment methods involving skin grafts and local flaps for severe neck contractures and tried to discuss oftenly encounered difficulties in treating these group of patients.Many techniques have been described for correction of neck contractures, including skin grafting, expanders, local regional flaps and free flaps. The treatment of choice should be modified for every patient. HubMed – eating

Baseline Determinants of Global Diet Quality in Older Men and Women from the NuAge Cohort.

J Nutr Health Aging. 2013; 17(5): 419-25
Shatenstein B, Gauvin L, Keller H, Richard L, Gaudreau P, Giroux F, Gray-Donald K, Jabbour M, Morais JA, Payette H

Judicious food choices are of prime importance during aging. Objectives: This study was conducted to identify individual and collective attributes determining global diet quality (DQ). Methodology: Participants were 1,793 adults (52% women) from the NuAge study on nutrition and successful aging. Subjects aged 67 to 84 years in relatively good health were recruited from the Québec Medicare Database. Sociodemographic, affective, and cognitive data, health conditions, perceived physical health and functional status, dietary habits and dietary attributes and community resources were obtained using questionnaires. Body weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Three non-consecutive 24-hour diet recalls were collected at recruitment. DQ, assessed using the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI, /100), was computed on the mean intakes from the diet recalls. Analyses were stratified by gender. Variables significantly related to DQ in bivariate analyses (p<.05) were entered into backward stepwise multiple regression analyses. Results: Among men, the final model showed higher education (?=0.23, p=.01), diet knowledge (?=0.96, p<.0001), number of daily meals (?=1.91, p=.02) and perceived physical health (?=0.06, p=.01) to be positive determinants of DQ, whereas alcohol consumption (?=-2.25, p=.05), wearing dentures (?=-2.31, p=.01) and eating regularly in restaurants (?=-1.65, p=.03) were negative determinants of DQ (adjusted R2 = 13.7%). Among women, higher education (?=0.29, p=.002), diet knowledge (?=0.54, p=.002), number of daily meals (?=3.61, p<.0001), and hunger (?=0.61, p<.0001) were positive determinants of global DQ; greater BMI (?=-0.16, p=.03) and chewing problems (?=-0.48, p=.03) were negative determinants of DQ (adjusted R2 = 7.8%). Discussion: These results point to several key factors influencing global DQ in older adults and also show gender-based differences. More research must be done to better understand how these factors change with aging and exert their impact on diet, particularly since variance in DQ was largely unexplained. As diet knowledge was an independent predictor for both genders, targeted, sustainable interventions are needed to ensure good diet quality as people age. HubMed – eating