Addiction Rehab: Neuropsychological Consequences of Chronic Opioid Use: A Quantitative Review and Meta-Analysis.
Neuropsychological consequences of chronic opioid use: a quantitative review and meta-analysis.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2012 Jul 5;
Baldacchino A, Balfour DJ, Passetti F, Humphris G, Matthews K
INTRODUCTION: It is widely assumed within the accumulated literature that neuropsychological function is commonly impaired as a consequence of chronic opioid use. METHOD: Quantitative and systematic review of the literature on the neuropsychology of chronic opioid use using the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: This meta-analysis suggests that chronic opioid exposure is associated with deficits across a range of different neuropsychological domains. However, the only domains where meta-analysis suggests robust impairment were those of verbal working memory, cognitive impulsivity (risk taking) and cognitive flexibility (verbal fluency). The magnitude of effect across these cognitive domains was medium according to Cohen’s benchmark criteria. DISCUSSION: This analysis highlighted methodological problems present in the literature used and the value of utilising meta-analytic techniques to help further elucidate the neuropsychological consequences of chronic opioid use from ‘core’ addiction phenotypes.
HubMed – addiction
Promoting new practices to increase access to and retention in addiction treatment: An analysis of five communication channels.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Addict Behav. 2012 Jun 9;
Johnson KA, Ford JH, McCluskey M
Addiction treatment programs adopt evidence-based practices slowly, in part because adopting a new practice is a process, not an event. Using different communication channels may have a different effect at different points in the process. This paper reports the effectiveness of five communication channels in getting substance abuse treatment programs to adopt new business practices. In this study, national trade media coverage produced the greatest interest among programs and the greatest number of decisions to adopt. Conference presentations produced fewer decisions to adopt than national media, but were the most effective channel when compared to the number of programs they reached. Peers were the greatest influence in moving clinic staff from the decision to adopt to implementation. These findings give preliminary evidence for using different communication channels at different times during an effort to promote the adoption of best practices.
HubMed – addiction
Correlations between population levels of prescription opioid use and prescription-opioid-related substance use treatment admissions in the USA and Canada since 2001.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Public Health. 2012 Jul 5;
Fischer B, Nakamura N, Urbanoski K, Rush B, Rehm J
Prisoners and cigarettes or ‘imprisoned in cigarettes’? What helps prisoners quit smoking?
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
BMC Public Health. 2012 Jul 7; 12(1): 508
Makris E, Gourgoulianis KI, Hatzoglou C
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was, despite the special characteristics of prisons, to identify the features which led prisoners who attended the Smoking Cessation Centre at the Kassavetia Detention Centre in Volos (region of Thessaly, in the central part of mainland Greece) to quit smoking. METHODS: Personal interviews with 204 male prisoners irrespective of smoking habitus over the period June 2008 to December 2010 were obtained. Information about medical history, history of tobacco use and addiction to narcotic use was obtained and imprisonment status was recorded. Pharmaceutical treatment (Varenicline) and counselling or only counselling were suggested as alternative strategies to them in order to help quit smoking. RESULTS: Of the sample examined, 75.5% (154) were smokers. They were mainly Greeks (51.5%), single (53.4%) and had not gratuated from a high school ( secondary education level ) (70.6%). 59.75% begun smoking early ( [less than or equal to]14years of age ) and 64.9% were highly addicted. 74% (114) of all smokers at the prison attended the Smoking Cessation Centre. Of them, 30.7% were able to quit smoking but 1 year later there were 20.2% ex-smokers. The key characteristics of those who were able to be ex-smokers were a change in smoking habits compared to when free (p=.001), previous attempts to quit (p=.001), average dependence levels (p[less than].001), started smoking after 21years of age (p=.032), no history of addictive substance use (p=.029), being already prisoners for a longer period of time (p=.019), a limited number of prisoners per cell (p[less than].001) and in particular other smokers in the cell (p[less than].001). CONCLUSIONS: Average dependence, a past free of addictive substance abuse and a better environment of daily living for certain prisoners (as far as the number of cellmates was concerned) had a catalytic impact on prisoners finally managed to quit smoking.
HubMed – addiction
Margaret “Peg” Diehl, Founder of Seabrook House Addiction Treatment Rehab www.SeabrookHouse.org – Seabrook House is an internationally recognized private and exclusive inpatient addiction rehab and alcoholism detox treatment center. We have achieved an elite CARF accreditation status, ensuring that our rehab patients receive the highest quality treatment. We operate three facilities in the northeast. Our main rehab facility is located in rural Bridgeton, New Jersey (NJ), only a 90 minute drive from New York City (NYC). Our extended-care luxury transitional rehab is located in Tioga County, Pennsylvania (PA), just minutes from Elmira/Corning New York (NY) Regional airport or by car from Philadelphia, driving time is 4 hours. Our New York (NY) City outpatient office provides a regional presence for alumni and referral sources.
Two New Vaccines Could Cure Cocaine Addiction
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
I am a recovered addict of 3 years and now work for a leading addiction treatment centre called Life Works Community in the UK. I'm here to share all the lessons and knowledge I picked up along my journey, hoping to help some of you learn more about …
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