An Observational Study of Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviors, Knowledge, and Advice in Pregnancy.
An observational study of nutrition and physical activity behaviors, knowledge, and advice in pregnancy.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013 May 20; 13(1): 115
de Jersey SJ, Nicholson JM, Callaway LK, Daniels LA
BACKGROUND: Maternal obesity, excess weight gain and lifestyle behaviours during pregnancy have been associated with future overweight and other adverse health outcomes for mothers and babies. This study compared the nutrition and physical activity behaviours of Australian healthy (BMI <= 25k/m2) and overweight (BMI >= 25kg/m2) pregnant women and described their knowledge and receipt of health professional advice early in pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant women (n=58) aged 29+/-5 (mean+/-s.d.) years were recruited at 16+/-2 weeks gestation from an Australian metropolitan hospital.. Height and weight were measured using standard procedures and women completed a self administered semi-quantitative survey. RESULTS: Healthy and overweight women had very similar levels of knowledge, behaviour and levels of advice provided except where specifically mentioned. Only 8% and 36% of participants knew the correct recommended daily number of fruit and vegetable serves respectively. Four percent of participants ate the recommended 5 serves/day of vegetables. Overweight women were less likely than healthy weight women to achieve the recommended fruit intake (4% vs. 8%, p=0.05), and more likely to consume soft drinks or cordial (55% vs 43%, p=0.005) and take away foods (37% vs. 25%, p=0.002) once a week or more. Less than half of all women achieved sufficient physical activity. Despite 80% of women saying they would have liked education about nutrition, physical activity and weight gain, particularly at the beginning of pregnancy, less than 50% were given appropriate advice regarding healthy eating and physical activity. CONCLUSION: Healthy pregnancy behaviour recommendations were not being met, with overweight women less likely to meet some of the recommendations. Knowledge of dietary recommendations was poor and health care professional advice was limited. There are opportunities to improve the health care practices and education pregnant women received to improve knowledge and behaviours. Pregnant women appear to want this. HubMed – eating
Experimental evaluation of predation as a facilitator of invasion success in a stream fish.
Ecology. 2013 Mar; 94(3): 640-9
Fraser DF, Lamphere BA
Predator-prey relationships in poikilotherms are often size dependent, such as when adults of two interacting species are capable of eating juveniles of the other species. Such bi-directional predation can be important during the establishment and spread of an invading species, but its role remains poorly understood. Using a combination of laboratory and mesocosm experiments and field introductions, we demonstrate that guppies, Poecilia reticulata, prey on juvenile killifish, Rivulus hartii, and thereby facilitate their establishment in the habitat of a potential predator. Laboratory studies found that mature guppies can consume larval Rivulus, and experimental stream studies showed that guppies reduced the number of Rivulus surviving from eggs. Growth trials found that interspecific competition, while significant, cannot account for the declines in the survival of juvenile Rivulus seen in field surveys. Finally, a field experiment, in which guppies were introduced into previously guppy-free stream reaches, resulted in a marked reduction in the abundance of juvenile Rivulus relative to guppy-free controls. Together, these results indicate that reducing the native Rivulus population represents an important.mechanism promoting guppy invasion success. HubMed – eating
[Status of clonorchis sinensis infection and its influencing factors among migrant workers in Baoan District, Shenzhen City].
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2013 Feb; 25(1): 102-3, 105
Yuan Q, Yan XF, Gao ST, Feng RT, Huang DN, Cao NX, Li B, Wan LX, Chen XJ
To understand the status of Clonorchis sinensis infection and its risk factors among migrant workers in Baoan District of Shenzhen City, so as to provide the evidence for the development of control strategies.A total of 642 migrant workers were chosen as the investigation samples by the stratified cluster sampling method. Their sera were collected and tested for Clonorchis sinensis infection with ELISA, and a questionnaires survey was performed to collect the information of clonorchiasis sinensis related to knowledge and behaviors. The influencing factors were summarized with the case-control study method.A total of 642 subjects were investigated, in which 530 subjects received the serological examinations and the positive rate was 6.6% (35/530). The significant differences were not found between genders (Chi2 = 1.19, P = 0.28) or among the age groups (Chi2 = 0.45, P = 0.80). The awareness rates of knowing infection route, health hazard and prevention knowledge were 50.16%, 33.64% and 27.41%, respectively. The rates of healthy behaviors such as not eating semi-cooked fish, not feeding pets with raw fish or shrimps, and differentiating between the raw and cooked food when using cutting boards were 80.67%, 78.41% and 45.95%, respectively. The awareness rate of prevention knowledge was positively related to the infection (OR = 0.16, P < 0.01).The prevention and control of Clonorchis sinensis infection among migrant workers could not be neglected, and the health education should be strengthened. HubMed – eating