Anorexia and Eating Patterns in the Elderly.

Anorexia and eating patterns in the elderly.

PLoS One. 2013; 8(5): e63539
Donini LM, Poggiogalle E, Piredda M, Pinto A, Barbagallo M, Cucinotta D, Sergi G

To evaluate the change in eating habits occurring in community- dwelling and institutionalized elderly subjects with senile anorexia.Cross- sectional, observational.Community, nursing homes and rehabilitation or acute care facilities in four Italian regions.A random sample of 526 subjects, aged 65 years and older (217 free living individuals, 213 residents in nursing homes, and 93 patients in rehabilitation and acute wards).ALL SUBJECTS UNDERWENT A MULTIDIMENSIONAL GERIATRIC EVALUATION OF: nutritional status, anthropometric parameters, health and cognitive status, depression, taste, chewing and swallowing function, and some hormones related to appetite. Diet variety was assessed, considering the frequency of consumption of different food groups (milk and dairy products; meat, fish, and eggs; cereals and derivatives; fruit and vegetables).In anorexic elderly subjects the global food intake was reduced, and the eating pattern was characterized by the reduced consumption of certain food groups (“meat, eggs and fish” and “fruit and vegetables”) whereas the frequency of consumption of milk and cereals remained almost unchanged. Nutritional parameters were significantly better in normal eating subjects and correlated with diet variety.Because of the high prevalence of senile anorexia in the geriatric population and its impact on the nutritional status, further research should be prompted to establish an intervention. protocol allowing the early diagnosis of anorexia of aging, aimed at identifying its causes and at optimizing treatment of anorexic patients. HubMed – eating

Impact of source of sulfur on ruminal hydrogen sulfide and logic for the ruminal available sulfur for reduction concept.

J Anim Sci. 2013 May 8;
Sarturi JO, Erickson GE, Klopfenstein TJ, Rolfe KM, Buckner CD, Luebbe MK

Effects of organic and inorganic sources of sulfur (S) on intake, intake pattern, ruminal pH, VFA profile, and ruminal H2S gas concentration ([H2S]) were evaluated, which lead to development of a procedure to measure ruminal S availability for reduction (ruminal available S – RAS) as well as compare with an estimated number (adjusted ruminal protein S – ARPS). Ruminally cannulated crossbred beef steers (n = 5; BW = 548 ± 46 kg) were assigned to 1 of 5 diets in a 5×5 Latin Square design and fed ad libitum in 5, 21-d periods. Steers were fed a dry-rolled corn diet (CON), inorganic S source (ammonium sulfate; INORG), organic S source (corn gluten meal) fed at 9.8 (ORG-L) or 23% of diet DM (ORG-H), or wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) fed at 50% of diet DM. For the laboratory procedure, individual ingredients were incubated with ruminal fluid from heifers fed 60% corn-based diets (n = 2) and McDougall’s buffer. Bottles were cooled in ice, centrifuged, decanted, and the precipitate was analyzed for S. Steers fed INORG tended (P = 0.12) to consume 12% less DM. Total S intake was greater (P < 0.01) for steers fed WDGS (60 g/d) followed by ORG-H, while the lowest S intake was observed for CON (22 g/d). Intakes of ARPS and RAS were greater (P < 0.01) for steers fed WDGS followed by INORG, ORG-H, ORG-L, and CON diets. Steers fed WDGS and INORG diets spent 13% more time eating (P < 0.01) compared to other treatments. There was an interaction (P = 0.05) between treatment and time for ruminal [H2S]. Similar [H2S] were observed for steers fed INORG and WDGS diets (P = 0.28), which were greater (P ? 0.05) than other treatments. Greater ruminal [H2S] at 8 h compared to 13 h post feeding was observed for steers fed ORG-H, ORG-L and CON diets (P ? 0.04). Nearly 65% of ruminal [H2S] variation was explained (linear; P < 0.01) by RAS intake, ARPS explained 58% (linear; P < 0.01), S intake explained 29% (quadratic; P < 0.01), average ruminal pH explained 12% (linear, P < 0.01) and area below ruminal pH 5.6 explained 16% (linear, P < 0.01) of the variation. A 6% decrease in acetate (P = 0.01), 20% increase in propionate molar proportions (P = 0.02), and a lower A:P ratio (P = 0.02) were observed for steers fed INORG compared to CON diet. The RAS concept is important for predicting ruminal [H2S] rather than just total S in the diet. Coefficients of RAS for individual ingredients can be predicted using in vitro procedures. Ruminal [H2S] may also modulate intake pattern. HubMed – eating

Closing the “know-do” gap: training public health professionals in eating disorders prevention via case-method teaching.

Int J Eat Disord. 2013 Jul; 46(5): 533-7
Austin SB, Sonneville KR

Expansion of our societies’ capacity to prevent eating disorders will require strategic integration of the topic into the curricula of professional training programs. An ideal way to integrate new content into educational programs is through the case-method approach, a teaching method that is more effective than traditional teaching techniques. The Strategic Training Initiative for the Prevention of Eating Disorders has begun developing cases designed to be used in classroom settings to engage students in topical, high-impact issues in public health approaches to eating disorders prevention and screening. Dissemination of these cases will provide an opportunity for students in public health training programs to learn material in a meaningful context by actively applying skills as they are learning them, helping to bridge the “know-do” gap. The new curriculum is an important step toward realizing the goal that public health practitioners be fully equipped to address the challenge of eating disorders prevention. © 2013 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:533-537). HubMed – eating

Reducing the burden of eating disorders: A model for population-based prevention and treatment for university and college campuses.

Int J Eat Disord. 2013 Jul; 46(5): 529-32
Wilfley DE, Agras WS, Taylor CB

HubMed – eating