Biomechanical Changes at the Knee After Lower Limb Fatigue in Healthy Young Women.
Biomechanical changes at the knee after lower limb fatigue in healthy young women.
Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2013 Mar 22;
Longpré HS, Potvin JR, Maly MR
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to identify changes in knee kinematics, kinetics and stiffness that occur during gait due to lower limb neuromuscular fatigue. METHODS: Kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic measures of gait were collected on healthy, young women (n=20) before and after two bouts of fatigue. After baseline gait analysis, two bouts of fatiguing contractions were completed. Fatigue was induced using sets of 50 isotonic knee extensions and flexions at 50% of the peak torque during a maximum voluntary isometric contraction. Fatigue was defined as a drop in knee extension or flexion maximum voluntary isometric torques of at least 25% from baseline. Gait analyses were completed after each bout of fatigue. Dynamic knee stiffness was calculated as the change in knee flexion moment divided by the change in knee flexion angle from 3 to 15% of the gait cycle. Co-activations of the biceps femoris and rectus femoris muscles were calculated from 3 to 15% and 40 to 52% of gait. Repeated measures analyses of variance assessed differences in discrete gait measures, knee torques, and electromyography amplitudes between baseline and after each bout of fatigue. FINDINGS: Fatigue decreased peak isometric torque. Fatigue did not alter knee adduction moments, knee flexion angles, dynamic knee stiffness, or muscle co-activation. Fatigue reduced the peak knee extension moment. INTERPRETATION: While neuromuscular fatigue of the knee musculature alters the sagittal plane knee moment in healthy, young women during walking, high intensity fatigue is not consistent with known mechanical environments implicated in knee pathologies or injuries. HubMed – rehab
[A comparison of a neuroprotective effects of hypoxic postconditioning and cerebrolysin in the experimental model.]
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2013; 113(2): 54-58
Rybnikova EA, Vorob’ev MG, Pivina SG, Samo?lov MO
Hypoxic postconditioning using episodes of mild hypobaric hypoxia is a new neuroprotective technique. We compared the neuroprotective efficacy of hypoxic postconditioning and cerebrolysin in a model of posthypoxic pathology in rats. Animals that survived the severe hypoxia (180 Torr, 3 h) were exposed to hypoxic postconditioning or received cerebrolysin. Postconditioning prevented the injury and loss of hippocampal (fields CA1, CA4) and neocortical neurons whereas cerebrolysin was protective only for CA4 and the neocortex. Besides that, postconditioning, unlike cerebrolysin, led to the complete functional rehabilitation from the severe hypoxia by normalizing the level of anxiety and the pituitary-adrenal axis activity. The findings demonstrate that the elaborated postconditioning technique might provide useful tool for therapy of posthypoxic pathology and stroke. HubMed – rehab
[Neyromidin in the restoration of motor functions after ischemic stroke.]
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2013; 113(2): 25-27
Maksimova MI, Mikhal’chenko VN, Sineva NA, Glebova OV, Vodop’ianov NP
The efficacy of neyromidin in the treatment of motor disturbances after ischemic stroke (IS) was studied. The study included 60 patients with left middle cerebral artery stroke. The diagnosis was made on the basis of general clinical methods as well as the neurological examination, computed tomography (CT) scan of the head, investigation of hemodinamic parameters, ECG, ultrasound dopplerography of main head arteries, biochemical blood tests. Patients were divided into two equal groups: patients in the acute phase of stroke (main group) and patients in the early rehabilitation phase (comparison group). The groups were matched for sex, age, clinical features of the disease. Neyromidin was administered for 60 days. After the completion of the treatment with neyromidin, an improvement of the neurological status as well as an enhancement of motor functions in patients with moderate and severe paresis of the leg were observed in 30 patients with acute ischemic stroke. HubMed – rehab