Breakfast Frequency and Development of Metabolic Risk.

Breakfast Frequency and Development of Metabolic Risk.

Diabetes Care. 2013 Jun 17;
Odegaard AO, Jacobs DR, Steffen LM, Van Horn L, Ludwig DS, Pereira MA

OBJECTIVEThe relation of breakfast intake frequency to metabolic health is not well studied. The aim of this study was to examine breakfast intake frequency with incidence of metabolic conditions.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSAnalysis of 3,598 participants from the community-based Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study who were free of diabetes in the year 7 examination when breakfast and dietary habits were assessed (1992-1993) and participated in at least one of the five subsequent follow-up examinations over 18 years.RESULTSRelative to infrequent breakfast consumption (0-3 days/week), participants who reported eating breakfast daily gained 1.9 kg less weight over 18 years (P = 0.001). In a Cox regression analysis, there was a stepwise decrease in risk across conditions in frequent breakfast consumers (4-6 days/week) and daily consumers. The results for incidence of abdominal obesity, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension remained significant after adjustment for baseline measures of adiposity (waist circumference or BMI) in daily breakfast consumers. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for daily breakfast consumption were as follows: abdominal obesity HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.66-0.91), obesity 0.80 (0.67-0.96), metabolic syndrome 0.82 (0.69-0.98), and hypertension 0.84 (0.72-0.99). For type 2 diabetes, the corresponding estimate was 0.81 (0.63-1.05), with a significant stepwise inverse association in black men and white men and women but no association in black women. There was no evidence of differential results for high versus low overall dietary quality.CONCLUSIONSDaily breakfast intake is strongly associated with reduced risk of a spectrum of metabolic conditions. HubMed – eating

Stunkard Figure Rating Scale for Brazilian men.

Eat Weight Disord. 2013 Jun 18;
Conti MA, Ferreira ME, de Carvalho PH, Kotait MS, Paulino ES, Costa LS, Teixeira PC, Cordás TA, Scagliusi FB

PURPOSE: To evaluate psychometric assessment of Stunkard Figure Rating Scale (FRS) for Brazilian male population. METHODS: The sample was composed of a control group (94 students) and a clinical group (20 eating disordered patients). Two questionnaires were applied: the FRS and the Eating Attitudes Questionnaire-26. Weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were collected in the control group (self-reported) and clinical group (measured). Body dissatisfaction (BD) was calculated by subtraction of ideal body (IB) from the current body (CB) score. The concurrent validity was assessed through the analysis of the correlation between the CB and BD scores and the BMI and the body weight. The discriminant validity was achieved by measurements of association between the groups studied and the scales CB, IB and BD. Reliability was assessed by the comparison of the score averages at two moments and by the intraclass coefficient correlation. RESULTS: The questionnaire had a correlation higher than 0.67 for the measures of weight and BMI. Regarding the CB, IB and BD scores, a significant difference was not observed between the clinical and the control group. There was no difference between the scores for BD at the two moments analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: The FRS is stable and capable of correlating with anthropometric measures. Nevertheless, for this population the questionnaire was unable to distinguish between the two groups analyzed. HubMed – eating

Association between serum cholesterol and eating behaviours during early childhood: a cross-sectional study.

CMAJ. 2013 Jun 17;
Persaud N, Maguire JL, Lebovic G, Carsley S, Khovratovich M, Simpson JA, McCrindle BW, Parkin PC, Birken C

BACKGROUND:Modifiable behaviours during early childhood may provide opportunities to prevent disease processes before adverse outcomes occur. Our objective was to determine whether young children’s eating behaviours were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease in later life. METHODS:In this cross-sectional study involving children aged 3-5 years recruited from 7 pri mary care practices in Toronto, Ontario, we assessed the relation between eating behaviours as assessed by the NutriSTEP (Nutritional Screening Tool for Every Preschooler) questionnaire (completed by parents) and serum levels of non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, a surrogate marker of cardiovascular risk. We also assessed the relation between dietary intake and serum non-HDL cholesterol, and between eating behaviours and other laboratory indices of cardiovascular risk (low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, HDL cholesterol and apoliprotein A1). RESULTS:A total of 1856 children were recruited from primary care practices in Toronto. Of these children, we included 1076 in our study for whom complete data and blood samples were available for analysis. The eating behaviours subscore of the NutriSTEP tool was significantly associated with serum non-HDL cholesterol (p = 0.03); for each unit increase in the eating behaviours subscore suggesting greater nutritional risk, we saw an an increase of 0.02 mmol/L (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.002 to 0.05) in serum non-HDL cholesterol. The eating behaviours subscore was also associated with LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B, but not with HDL cholesterol or apolipoprotein A1. The dietary intake subscore was not associated with non-HDL cholesterol. INTERPRETATION:Eating behaviours in preschoolaged children are important potentially modifiable determinants of cardiovas cular risk and should be a focus for future studies of screening and behavioural interventions. HubMed – eating