[Clinical and Laboratory Evaluation of the Efficiency of Chronic Hemodialysis Treatment Using Acidosuccinate in Patients With Terminal Renal Failure].

[Clinical and laboratory evaluation of the efficiency of chronic hemodialysis treatment using acidosuccinate in patients with terminal renal failure].

Ter Arkh. 2013; 85(1): 69-75

To evaluate the efficiency of using a succinate-containing dialysis solution (SCDS) in terminal renal failure patients treated with chronic hemodialysis (CHD).Ninety patients from two hemodialysis units took part in the crossover study and were allocated to 2 groups. For 6 months, study group patients received CHD using SCDS and control group patients had CHD with a standard bicarbonate dialysis solution after 3-month washout period followed by decussation. The time course of changes in blood biochemical parameters, 24-hour ECG monitoring data, and quality of life indicators were estimated in the patients.After using acidosuccinate during hemodialysis, there was a significant reduction in the predialysis serum level of inorganic phosphate, a calcium phosphate product, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, urea, and aldosterone as compared to the control group. The blood concentration of total protein was also increased. After 6-month administration of acidosuccinate, the patients showed reductions in systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and the frequency and duration of ST-segment depression episodes. There were positive changes in the quality of life of patients according to the KDQOL-SF questionnaire.The use of SCDS in patients with CHD causes positive changes in a number of laboratory parameters and improves the physical and general status, and quality of life of patients. HubMed – depression

[Electrocardiographic predictors of in-hospital outcomes of acute coronary syndrome].

Ter Arkh. 2013; 85(1): 37-41

To estimate the time course of changes in basic electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) as possible predictors of in-hospital outcomes.The data of 277 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were used; QT-interval duration was studied by means of an EC12C-01 cardioanalyzer; ST-segment deviation (sigmaST), elevation (sigmaST-E), and depression (sigmaST-D) sums, and corrected QT-interval dispersion (DQTc) were calculated.There were highly significant differences of sigmaST in all the patients groups at admission and differences of DQTc in ACS patients with and without ST-segment elevation. The survival rates were significantly different depending on the value of ECG parameters, such as sigmaST, sigmaST-D, and DQTc.The cardioanalyzer can automatically improve the estimation of in-hospital ECG changes and to determine predictors of an ACS outcome. HubMed – depression

Effect of Acute Stressor and Serotonin Transporter Genotype on Amygdala First Wave Transcriptome in Mice.

PLoS One. 2013; 8(3): e58880
Hohoff C, Gorji A, Kaiser S, Willscher E, Korsching E, Ambrée O, Arolt V, Lesch KP, Sachser N, Deckert J, Lewejohann L

The most prominent brain region evaluating the significance of external stimuli immediately after their onset is the amygdala. Stimuli evaluated as being stressful actuate a number of physiological processes as an immediate stress response. Variation in the serotonin transporter gene has been associated with increased anxiety- and depression-like behavior, altered stress reactivity and adaptation, and pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. In this study the instant reactions to an acute stressor were measured in a serotonin transporter knockout mouse model. Mice lacking the serotonin transporter were verified to be more anxious than their wild-type conspecifics. Genome-wide gene expression changes in the amygdala were measured after the mice were subjected to control condition or to an acute stressor of one minute exposure to water. The dissection of amygdalae and stabilization of RNA was conducted within nine minutes after the onset of the stressor. This extremely short protocol allowed for analysis of first wave primary response genes, typically induced within five to ten minutes of stimulation, and was performed using Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Arrays. RNA profiling revealed a largely new set of differentially expressed primary response genes between the conditions acute stress and control that differed distinctly between wild-type and knockout mice. Consequently, functional categorization and pathway analysis indicated genes related to neuroplasticity and adaptation in wild-types whereas knockouts were characterized by impaired plasticity and genes more related to chronic stress and pathophysiology. Our study therefore disclosed different coping styles dependent on serotonin transporter genotype even directly after the onset of stress and accentuates the role of the serotonergic system in processing stressors and threat in the amygdala. Moreover, several of the first wave primary response genes that we found might provide promising targets for future therapeutic interventions of stress-related disorders also in humans. HubMed – depression

Brain Changes in Long-Term Zen Meditators Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A Controlled Study.

PLoS One. 2013; 8(3): e58476
Fayed N, Lopez Del Hoyo Y, Andres E, Serrano-Blanco A, Bellón J, Aguilar K, Cebolla A, Garcia-Campayo J

This work aimed to determine whether (1)H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are correlated with years of meditation and psychological variables in long-term Zen meditators compared to healthy non-meditator controls.Design. Controlled, cross-sectional study. Sample. Meditators were recruited from a Zen Buddhist monastery. The control group was recruited from hospital staff. Meditators were administered questionnaires on anxiety, depression, cognitive impairment and mindfulness. (1)H-MRS (1.5 T) of the brain was carried out by exploring four areas: both thalami, both hippocampi, the posterior superior parietal lobule (PSPL) and posterior cingulate gyrus. Predefined areas of the brain were measured for diffusivity (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) by MR-DTI.Myo-inositol (mI) was increased in the posterior cingulate gyrus and Glutamate (Glu), N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) and N-acetyl-aspartate/Creatine (NAA/Cr) was reduced in the left thalamus in meditators. We found a significant positive correlation between mI in the posterior cingulate and years of meditation (r?=?0.518; p?=?.019). We also found significant negative correlations between Glu (r?=?-0.452; p?=?.045), NAA (r?=?-0.617; p?=?.003) and NAA/Cr (r?=?-0.448; P?=?.047) in the left thalamus and years of meditation. Meditators showed a lower Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) in the left posterior parietal white matter than did controls, and the ADC was negatively correlated with years of meditation (r?=?-0.4850, p?=?.0066).The results are consistent with the view that mI, Glu and NAA are the most important altered metabolites. This study provides evidence of subtle abnormalities in neuronal function in regions of the white matter in meditators. HubMed – depression

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