Control of Protein and Energy Intake – Brain Mechanisms.
Control of protein and energy intake – brain mechanisms.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 May; 67(5): 455-61
Davidenko O, Darcel N, Fromentin G, Tomé D
The protein content of the diet has long been investigated for its influence on food behavior. High-protein diets promote satiety and reduce calorie intake, whereas results for low-protein diets are more contradictory and less established. Protein sensing might take place in the oral cavity or in the post-oral gastrointestinal tract, where specific receptors have been found. Protein signaling to the brain may act through the vagal nerve and involve gastric hormones, such as cholecystokinin and peptide YY. Other pathways are post-absorptive signaling and the direct influence of brain levels of amino acids. High-protein diet enhances the activity of brain satiety centers, mainly the nucleus of the solitary tract and arcuate nucleus, although the activity of brain reward centers might also be modified. A better understanding of the role of both homeostatic and hedonic systems is needed to fully describe the influence of protein on food intake. HubMed – eating
[Cultural diversity in diet and obesity].
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2013; 157(18): A5807
Nicolaou M, Nierkens V, Middelkoop BJ
– In the Netherlands, excess body weight and obesity occur more commonly in certain ethnic minority groups.- Diet plays an undeniable role in the development of obesity.- Insight into the roles of diet and eating behaviour in the development of obesity among ethnic minorities is, however, limited.- The migration histories, socio-economic statuses and socio-cultural environments of ethnic minorities are important determinants for eating patterns.- It is important to take these determinants into account when treating overweight patients who are ethnic minorities. HubMed – eating
Primary Care Providers’ Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectations for Childhood Obesity Counseling.
Child Obes. 2013 May 1;
Lowenstein LM, Perrin EM, Campbell MK, Tate DF, Cai J, Ammerman AS
Abstract Background: Primary care providers have a role in the prevention and management of childhood obesity. We explored the relationship of providers’ self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and practice level support with childhood obesity counseling frequency. Methods: Providers (n=123) completed a survey that assessed their self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and reported obesity counseling frequency. A practice level assessment tool was used to characterize the practices. We analyzed data using frequencies and proportional odds modeling. Results: Providers were confident or very confident (78.5-93.5%) in their ability to counsel about healthy eating, physical activity, and weight and agreed or strongly agreed (64.2-86.2%) that their counseling would result in actual changes. Providers with higher outcome expectations were more likely [odds ratio (OR)=3.4] to report providing obesity counseling. Female providers were more likely to report counseling about obesity (OR=2.3) than males. Providers in practices with resources for healthy eating and physical activity reported higher levels of self-efficacy and counseling frequency. Conclusions: In our study, providers were confident in their ability to provide obesity counseling and expected changes from their efforts, suggesting that future studies should build on the high level of outcome expectations as well as self-efficacy. The gender difference found regarding obesity counseling may need further exploration. HubMed – eating
Quality of diet of working college students.
Work. 2012; 41 Suppl 1: 5806-9
Gorgulho B, Marchioni DM, da Conceição AB, Steluti J, Mussi MH, Nagai-Manelli R, Teixeira LR, da Luz AA, Fischer FM
Considering the scarcity of studies with young workers and the role of diet in the prevention of chronic diseases, the objective of the study was to assess the quality of diet of working college students. The present study investigated 43 university students, aged between 18 and 25 years old who had systematically being involved in a working activity in the past 6 months, paid or unpaid, at least 6 hours daily, five days a week. Dietary intake measured by seven dietary records covering every day of the week was used to calculate the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised (B-HEIR). It was observed a low B-HEIR score (53.43,±7.81) indicating a risk of a poor quality of diet, with high intake of sodium and sugar and low consumption of fruits and whole grains. This poor quality of diet can result in an inadequate nutritional status that may increase the risk of obesity and chronic diseases. HubMed – eating