Correction: Risky Food Safety Behaviors Are Associated With Higher BMI and Lower Healthy Eating Self-Efficacy and Intentions Among African American Churchgoers in Baltimore.

Correction: Risky Food Safety Behaviors Are Associated with Higher BMI and Lower Healthy Eating Self-Efficacy and Intentions among African American Churchgoers in Baltimore.

PLoS One. 2013; 8(5):
Anderson Steeves E, Silbergeld E, Summers A, Chen L, Gittelsohn J

[This corrects the article on p. e52122 in vol. 7.]. HubMed – eating

Functional neuroanatomy of body checking in people with anorexia nervosa.

Int J Eat Disord. 2013 Jun 6;
Suda M, Brooks SJ, Giampietro V, Friederich HC, Uher R, Brammer MJ, Williams SC, Campbell IC, Treasure J

OBJECTIVE: The neural correlates of body checking perceptions in eating disorders have not yet been identified. This functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging study examined the neuroanatomy involved in altered perception and identification with body checking in female with anorexia nervosa (AN). METHOD: Brain activation while viewing images depicting normal weight individuals involved in either body checking behavior or a neutral (noneating disorder) body action, was compared between 20 females with AN and 15 matched healthy controls (HC). RESULTS: Females with AN reported higher anxiety compared to HC during the body checking task. The level of anxiety positively correlated with body shape concern scores. People with AN had less activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) and right fusiform gyrus compared to HC in response to body checking compared to neutral action images. Body shape concern scores correlated negatively with medial PFC activation in AN group. DISCUSSION: This preliminary study with modest power suggests that AN patients have reduced activation in cortical areas associated with self-reference, body action perception, and social cognition in females with AN. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2013). HubMed – eating

We are family-parents, siblings, and eating disorders in a prospective total-population study of 250,000 Swedish males and females.

Int J Eat Disord. 2013 Jun 6;
Ahrén JC, Chiesa F, Koupil I, Magnusson C, Dalman C, Goodman A

OBJECTIVE: We examined how parental characteristics and other aspects of family background were associated with the development of eating disorders (ED) in males and females. METHOD: We used register data and record linkage to create the prospective, total-population study the Stockholm Youth Cohort. This cohort comprises all children and adolescents who were ever residents in Stockholm County between 2001 and 2007, plus their parents and siblings. Individuals born between 1984 and 1995 (N = 249, 884) were followed up for ED from age 12 to end of 2007. We used Cox regression modeling to investigate how ED incidence was associated with family socioeconomic position, parental age, and family composition. RESULTS: In total, 3,251 cases of ED (2,971 females; 280 males) were recorded. Higher parental education independently predicted a higher rate of ED in females [e.g., adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.69 (95% CI: 1.42, 2.02) for degree-level vs. elementary-level maternal education], but not in males [HR 0.73 (95% CI: 0.42, 1.28), p < 0.001 for gender interaction]. In females, an increasing number of full-siblings was associated with lower rate of ED [e.g., fully adjusted HR 0.92 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.97) per sibling], whereas an increasing number of half-siblings was associated with a higher rate [HR 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.09) per sibling]. DISCUSSION: The effect of parental education on ED rate varies between males and females, whereas the effect of number of siblings varies according to whether they are full or half-siblings. A deeper understanding of these associations and their underlying mechanisms may provide etiological insights and inform the design of preventive interventions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013). HubMed – eating

The significance of macroautophagy in health and disease.

Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2013; 72(2): 87-93
Tukaj C

During the past decade there has been a substantial increase in macroautophagy (herein simply referred to as autophagy) research due to a growing understandingof this process, coupled with improved new techniques for its detection. Autophagy (auto – self, phagy – eating) is defined as a fundamental lysosomalcatabolic pathway responsible for degrading long-lived proteins, protein aggregates, oxidised lipids, damaged organelles, and even microbial invaders. Although autophagy occurs at basal levels in normal conditions, many different forms ofmetabolic stress, including starvation, hypoxia, high temperature, high culturedensity, hormones, and growth factor deprivation can dramatically stimulatean autophagic response. Autophagy plays a critical role in maintaining cellularhomeostasis and genomic integrity and therefore has been implicated in manyphysiological activities such development, differentiation, and tissue remodelling.Consequently, defects in autophagy have been linked to various human diseasessuch as neurodegenerative and muscle disorders, cancers, cardiac failure, andinflammatory disorders. This mini-review summarises current knowledge in a fieldof mammalian autophagy and considers the significance of autophagy in humanphysiology and pathology. HubMed – eating