Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation: Modeling the Superovulation Stage in in-Vitro Fertilization.

Modeling the Superovulation stage in In-vitro Fertilization.

Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation

IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2012 Nov 15;
Yenkie K, Diwekar U

In-vitro fertilization (IVF) is the most common technique in assisted reproductive technology and in most cases the last resort for infertility treatment. It has four basic stages: superovulation, egg retrieval, insemination/fertilization and embryo transfer. Superovulation is a drug induced method to enable multiple ovulation per menstrual cycle. The success of IVF majorly depends upon successful superovulation, defined by the number and similar quality of eggs retrieved in a cycle. Modeling the superovulation stage can help in predicting the outcomes of IVF before the cycle is complete. In this paper, we developed a model for superovulation stage. The model is adapted from the theory of batch crystallization. The aim of crystallization is to get maximum crystals of similar size and purity, while superovulation aims at eggs of similar quality and size. The rate of crystallization and superovulation are both dependent on the process conditions and varies with time. The kinetics of follicle growth is modeled as a function of injected hormones and the follicle properties are represented in terms of the moments. The results from the model prediction were verified with the known data from Jijamata Hospital Nanded, India. The predictions were found to be in agreement with the actual observations.
HubMed – drug

Inhibitory Effects of the Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium Containing the IL-2 Gene on Hepatic Tumors in Mice.

Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation

J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012; 2012: 946139
Ha XQ, Yin Q, Zhao HB, Hui L, Wang ML, Peng JH, Dong JZ, Deng ZY, Zhao Y, Zhang YY

To observe the inhibitory effects of an attenuated S. typhimurium strain carrying IL-2 gene (TPI) on hepatoma cell line (HepG2) and transplanted tumors in mice. TPI, TPG (an attenuated S. typhimurium strain carrying green fluorescent protein gene), and TP (an attenuated S. typhimurium strain) strains were transfected into HepG2 cells. At 48h after transfecting, the transfection rate was 82.58 ± 1.74%. The expression level of IL-2 was (99.5 ± 12.2) ng/1 × 10(6) cells. Compared with TPG, TP, and normal mouse groups, the proportion of CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T cells in the blood from the TPI group was higher, the levels of IgM and IgG(1) were significantly increased, and the proliferation activity of splenic lymphocyte was significantly stronger. The transplanted tumor weight in the TPI group was significantly smaller than that in the other two groups. The infiltration of lymphocytes increased in the tumor from TPI group mice. TPI was effectively transfected into cancer cells, which expressed the protein of interest. Oral administration of TPI prolonged survival of mice transplanted with hepatoma cell tumours.
HubMed – drug

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in regulation of cytochromes p450: new way to overcome multidrug resistance?

Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation

J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012; 2012: 656428
Cizkova K, Konieczna A, Erdosova B, Lichnovska R, Ehrmann J

Embryonic and tumour cells are able to protect themselves against various harmful compounds. In human pathology, this phenomenon exists in the form of multidrug resistance (MDR) that significantly deteriorates success of anticancer treatment. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) play one of the key roles in the xenobiotic metabolism. CYP expression could contribute to resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy. CYP epoxygenases (CYP2C and CYP2J) metabolize about 20% of clinically important drugs. Besides of drug metabolism, CYP epoxygenases and their metabolites play important role in embryos, normal body function, and tumors. They participate in angiogenesis, mitogenesis, and cell signaling. It was found that CYP epoxygenases are affected by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?). Based on the results of current studies, we assume that PPARs ligands may regulate CYP2C and CYP2J and in some extent they may contribute to overcoming of MDR in patients with different types of tumours.
HubMed – drug

The pharmville community: a curriculum resource platform integrating context and theory.

Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation

Am J Pharm Educ. 2012 Nov 12; 76(9): 178
Marriott J, Styles K, McDowell J

Objective. To develop and implement a resource platform consisting of a fictional community of people to augment learning in an undergraduate pharmacy program and to refine patient contact skills.Design. Pharmville, a virtual community comprised of 29 fictional characters in 7 families, was developed that included high-quality video vignettes, photographs, drug structures, documented health profiles, and medical and social histories representative of an Australian metropolitan suburb. Over the next 4 years, Pharmville resources and themes were incorporated into the bachelor of pharmacy (BPharm) degree program orientation, and implemented in lectures and tutorials, assessments, independent study resources, and in a variety of contact activities throughout the curriculum.Assessment. A 2010 comprehensive evaluation found that 21 of the 29 Pharmville characters had been incorporated into teaching materials in about 40% of instructional units in the first 3 years of the BPharm program, that all of the types of resources available were being used, and that use was almost equal between pharmacy practice and science units. A student evaluation of Pharmville showed a positive response to its use, with students able to identify with various characters within the community.Conclusion. Pharmville is an instructional resource that links professionalism and academic study, and provides context for student learning.
HubMed – drug

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