Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation: Plasma Cell Leukemia in Pregnancy.
Plasma cell leukemia in pregnancy.
Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
Blood. 2012 Nov 1; 120(18): 3633
Moiz B, Ali SS
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A in a Tertiary Care Hospital.
Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2012 Sep; 10(22): 214-7
Raza S, Tamrakar R, Bhatt CP, Joshi SK
Background: Enteric fever is still an important public health problem in developing countries including Nepal. A changing antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and emergence of multi drug resistance has increased to a great concern. Aim of the study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A. Methods: Study was carried out at the department of microbiology in Kathmandu Medical College. Blood culture samples were collected from suspected enteric fever patient and tested microbiologically by standard procedure. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and results were interpreted by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory (NCCLS) guideline. Results: Of total 78 (2.0%) Salmonella serotype isolated from 3,980 blood culture samples, in which 47 (60.3%) were S. typhi and 31 (39.7%) were S. paratyphi A. Isolates were from all age group median age being the 25 years. Among the tested antibiotics S. typhi was susceptible towards Ciprofloxacin (100%) followed by Gentamicin (97.9%), Ofloxacine (95.7%), Ceftriaxone (95.7%) and Chloramphenicol (93.6%). In case of S. paratyphi A most of the tested antibiotics showed high percentage of susceptibility and least susceptible antibiotic for S. paratyphi A was Ampicillin (25.8%). Three isolates of S. typhi showed multidrug resistance. Conclusions: A considerable variation was observed in the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of S.typhi and S. paratyphi A. Hence antibiotic susceptibility test must be sought before instituting appropriate therapy to prevent from further emergence of drug resistance. Keywords: antimicrobial sensitivity test; ciprofloxacin; enteric fever; multi-drug resistance; salmonella.
HubMed – drug
Is This the Dose for You?: The Role of Modeling.
Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Nov 19;
Huang SM, Bhattaram A, Mehrotra N, Wang Y
[Pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis].
Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2012 Dec; 37(12): 1205-9
Peng W, Zhou Q, Ao X, Tang R, Li X
Objective: To investigate the pathogens and their resistance in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) related peritonitis. Methods: A total of 78 cases with CAPD related peritonitis from Xiangya Hospital between January 2007 and January 2011 were reviewed. Pathogens, resistance and outcomes of the 78 cases CAPD related peritonitis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Among them, 53 cases cultured positive (66.67%), 3 of which were combined infection and 2 strains were cultured. A total of 55 strains were cultured, including 32 gram-positive strains (58.18%), 18 gram-negative strains (32.72%) and 5 fungi (9.09%). The most common pathogens were coagulase negative staphylococcus, staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Drug sensitivity test of the gram-positive strains showed that the three with lowest antibiotic resistance were linezolid (0), teicoplanin (3.13%) and vancomycin (4.0%). Drug sensitivity test of the gram-negative bacteria showed that antibiotics with the lowest resistance were amikacin and imipenem, followed by piperacillin/tazobactam and cepoperazon/sulbactam. Cephazolin had the highest resistance rate of 83.33%. Clinical outcomes: 63 cases cured (80.77%); 11 cases transferred to hemodialysis (14.1%); 4 cases died (5.13%), including 2 cases fungus infections, 1 gram-negative bacteria infection and 1 combined infection. Conclusion: The most common pathogens causing peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis is gram positive bacteria. In the empirical treatment, in addition to traditional treatment of Cefazolin combined with aminoglycosides, cefazolin combined with piperacillin/tazobactam or cepoperazon/sulbactam is preferable for CAPD associated peritonitis.
HubMed – drug
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