Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation: Preparation and Characterization of Superporous Hydrogel Based on Different Polymers.
Preparation and characterization of superporous hydrogel based on different polymers.
Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
Int J Pharm Investig. 2012 7; 2(3): 134-139
Chavda HV, Patel RD, Modhia IP, Patel CN
INTRODUCTION: Superporous hydrogel (SPH) swells very rapidly in a shorter period of time to an equilibrium size and contains highly porous structure. AIM: The synthesis of SPH of poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) and its composites viz. Ac-Di-Sol and polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP) was carried out by solution polymerization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SPH and SPH composites (SPHCs) were characterized by measurement of apparent density, porosity, swelling, mechanical strength, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. RESULTS: FTIR studies confirmed the existence of acrylamide and acrylic acid in SPH. In distilled water SPH showed tremendous increase in equilibrium swelling capacity with conventional SPH as compared to its SPHCs of Ac-Di-Sol and PVP due to the increased in physical cross-linking network, respectively. The presence of Ac-Di-Sol and PVP in SPHCs increased the mechanical strength as compared to conventional SPH which is suitable for gastric retention. SEM pictures clearly indicated the formation of interconnected pores and capillary channels. CONCLUSION: The amount and type of polymers used affect almost all the characterization parameters of SPHs, and hence, depending upon the applications perspective such polymers could be used in drug delivery systems, successfully.
HubMed – drug
Directly compressible medicated chewing gum formulation for quick relief from common cold.
Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
Int J Pharm Investig. 2012 7; 2(3): 123-133
Chaudhary SA, Shahiwala AF
INTRODUCTION: Common cold is the most frequently recurring disease in the world and is a leading cause of doctor visits and missed days from school and work. Cold reliever medicated chewing gum (MCG) will be a definitive patient acceptable solution for this condition. Anti-allergic, cetirizine (CTZ) is a BCS class-I (highly soluble and highly permeable) non-sedating antihistaminic drug and this study was based on the hypothesis that CTZ as a BCS class I drug will be easily released from chewing gum into the salivary fluid within few minutes of chewing and can be easily permeated from oral mucosa by the pressure created by the chewing action and absorbed to a larger extent into the systemic circulation. Therefore, ultimately patients will get quick relief from symptoms of common cold with greater compliance compared to other conventional dosage forms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study mainly focuses on taste masking of CTZ by inclusion complexation method, its formulation development in the MCG form and its quality and performance evaluation with the study of potential factors affecting drug release by 3(2) full factorial experimental design. A “chew out” study is carried out to assess in vivo drug release from MCG, in which residual amount is extracted from the chewed sample. RESULTS: Formulation ingredients, such as elastomers, softeners, bulking agents, play an important role in the feel of the final product and its consistency; while sweeteners and flavors play a very essential character in its sensory properties. CONCLUSION: Interindividual variation in chewing frequency and chewing intensity is the main factor which affects release of active ingredient from MCG; while salivary dilution and involuntary swallowing are main reasons for variability in the absorption site, i.e., either from buccal mucosa or from gastrointestinal tract.
HubMed – drug
Treatment modalities and evaluation models for periodontitis.
Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
Int J Pharm Investig. 2012 7; 2(3): 106-122
Tariq M, Iqbal Z, Ali J, Baboota S, Talegaonkar S, Ahmad Z, Sahni JK
Periodontitis is the most common localized dental inflammatory disease related with several pathological conditions like inflammation of gums (gingivitis), degeneration of periodontal ligament, dental cementum and alveolar bone loss. In this perspective, the various preventive and treatment modalities, including oral hygiene, gingival irrigations, mechanical instrumentation, full mouth disinfection, host modulation and antimicrobial therapy, which are used either as adjunctive treatments or as stand-alone therapies in the non-surgical management of periodontal infections, have been discussed. Intra-pocket, sustained release systems have emerged as a novel paradigm for the future research. In this article, special consideration is given to different locally delivered anti-microbial and anti inflammatory medications which are either commercially available or are currently under consideration for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. The various in vitro dissolution models and microbiological strain investigated to impersonate the infected and inflamed periodontal cavity and to predict the in vivo performance of treatment modalities have also been thrashed out. Animal models that have been employed to explore the pathology at the different stages of periodontitis and to evaluate its treatment modalities are enlightened in this proposed review.
HubMed – drug
A comprehensive study on regulatory requirements for development and filing of generic drugs globally.
Filed under: Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
Int J Pharm Investig. 2012 7; 2(3): 99-105
Handoo S, Arora V, Khera D, Nandi PK, Sahu SK
The regulatory requirements of various countries of the world vary from each other. Therefore, it is challenging for the companies to develop a single drug which can be simultaneously submitted in all the countries for approval. The regulatory strategy for product development is essentially to be established before commencement of developmental work in order to avoid major surprises after submission of the application. The role of the regulatory authorities is to ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of all medicines in circulation in their country. It not only includes the process of regulating and monitoring the drugs but also the process of manufacturing, distribution, and promotion of it. One of the primary challenges for regulatory authority is to ensure that the pharmaceutical products are developed as per the regulatory requirement of that country. This process involves the assessment of critical parameters during product development.
HubMed – drug
More Drug And Alcohol Rehabilitation Information…