Eating Disorders: Eating-Related Environmental Factors in Underweight Eating Disorders and Obesity: Are There Common Vulnerabilities During Childhood and Early Adolescence?

Eating-related Environmental Factors in Underweight Eating Disorders and Obesity: Are There Common Vulnerabilities During Childhood and Early Adolescence?

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2012 Nov 21;
Krug I, Villarejo C, Jiménez-Murcia S, Perpiñá C, Vilarrasa N, Granero R, Cebolla A, Botella C, Montserrat-Gil de Bernabe M, Penelo E, Casella S, Islam MA, Orekhova E, Casanueva FF, Karwautz A, Menchón JM, Treasure J, Fernández-Aranda F

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine whether there is an association between individual, social and family influences and dysfunctional eating patterns early in life and the likelihood of developing a subsequent underweight eating disorder (ED) or obesity. METHOD: The total sample comprised 152 individuals (underweight ED, n?=?45; obese patients, n?=?65; healthy controls; n?=?42) from Barcelona, Spain. The Cross-Cultural Questionnaire (CCQ) was used to assess early eating influences as well as individual and family eating patterns and attitudes towards food. RESULTS: Even though a few shared eating influences emerged for both groups, unique factors were also observed. Whereas relationship with friends, teasing about eating habits by family members and the mass media were of specific relevance to the underweight ED group, the patient’s own physical appearance, body dissatisfaction, teasing about eating habits by friends, teasing about body shape by family members and dysfunctional eating patterns were unique to obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Overlapping environmental risk factors provide evidence for integral prevention and intervention approaches that simultaneously tackle a range of weight-related problems. The unique factors might be important for targeting high-risk individuals. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
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Family and home influences on children’s after-school and weekend physical activity.

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Eur J Public Health. 2012 Nov 20;
McMinn AM, Griffin SJ, Jones AP, van Sluijs EM

BACKGROUND: Family- and home-related factors have been shown to be associated with children’s physical activity (PA), but may be time-dependent. Here we investigate whether family- and home-related correlates of children’s PA are different for the after-school period on weekdays than for the weekend. METHODS: Data on 21 family- and home-related variables and objectively measured PA (Actigraph GT1M) were available from 1608 Year 5 children (9-10 years old) from 92 schools in Norfolk participating in the SPEEDY (Sport, Physical activity and Eating behaviour: Environmental Determinants in Young people) study. Multi-level multiple linear regression was used to quantify cross-sectional associations between the family/home variables and average min per day of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA, ?2000 counts/min) after school on weekdays and at the weekend. Models were additionally adjusted for age, sex, BMI z-score and registered accelerometer wear time. RESULTS: After-school MVPA was associated with parent education (ß: -1.1; 95% CI -2.0 to -0.2), being allowed to play out in the neighbourhood (ß: 1.3; 0.7-1.8), restrictions on walking/cycling to friends’ houses (ß: -1.1; -1.6 to -0.7), restrictions on sedentary behaviour (ß: -0.3; -0.5 to -0.02) and family social support (ß: 1.0; 0.7-1.3). Weekend MVPA was associated with number of siblings (ß: 2.6; 0.5-4.8), family encouragement (ß: 1.1; 0.2-2.0) and family social support (ß: 1.5; 0.5-2.5). CONCLUSION: Family social support is positively associated with children’s out-of-school PA both at weekdays and in weekends. However, rules and restrictions appear to be important only on weekdays. The results of this study merit consideration when identifying appropriate timing of PA-promotion strategies.
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[Effects of Calorie Information and Nutrition Traffic Light on Alimentation Behaviour in Public Catering.]

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Gesundheitswesen. 2012 Nov 21;
Bruder A, Honekamp W, Hackl JM

Due to the significant increase in overweight and obese people, action is needed to raise eating behaviour awareness. A significant main meal (lunch) is witnessing a growing trend in the catering (part of the out-of-home nutrition). The aim of this study is to determine whether the selection of lunch menus is affected through the display of nutritional information in the form of number of calories or a traffic light model.In this exploratory study, quantitative data were collected in a cross-sectional design. In addition to the established measurement instruments, socio-demographic and socio-economic information of the subjects based on the study were evaluated. The survey took place in 2008 in 2 passes (time t A/t B). The identical lunch menu of a catering company was applied twice respectively for 4 weeks. In the second run (t B) the lunch menu contained additional nutritional information (big 4 instructions) in the form of calories or a traffic light nutrition. The test of group differences was based on scientific statistical analysis in SPSS.The overall results for the illustration of kilocalories or traffic light do not have a unique significance in the direction of a low average number of calories at the time t B in comparison to the time t A. The food participants, on average, choose a lower calorie-containing menu, when a combination of traffic light and calories is given.The nutrition behaviour is accompanied by an oversupply of unhealthy foods. Lunch participants are sensitised for the selection of healthier lunch menus by a traffic light nutrition information or calories information. Nutrition labelling for lunch menus in the form of calories nutrition information or a coloured traffic light could trigger preventive effects.
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A combination of healthy lifestyle factors is associated with a decreased incidence of chronic kidney disease: a population-based cohort study.

Filed under: Eating Disorders

Hypertens Res. 2012 Nov 22;
Wakasugi M, Kazama JJ, Yamamoto S, Kawamura K, Narita I

A combination of healthy lifestyle factors is associated with lower risks of coronary heart disease, diabetes and stroke, but little is known about its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study analyzed the effect of a combination of healthy lifestyle factors on the incidence of proteinuria among participants without CKD. Of the 7565 persons aged 40-79 years who participated in the Specific Health Checkups and Guidance System in Sado Island, Japan in 2008, 4902 participants (2015 males) without CKD were included. The healthy lifestyle score was calculated by summing the total number of lifestyle factors for which the participants were at low risk. Low risk was defined as (1) nonsmoker, (2) body mass index (BMI) <25?kg?m(-2), (3) moderate or less alcohol consumption, (4) regular exercise and (5) better eating patterns. Logistic analysis was used to examine the relationship between the baseline score in 2008 and the development of proteinuria in 2009. Proteinuria developed in 2.2% of participants (males, 3.2; females, 1.5%). Compared with participants with a healthy lifestyle score of 0 to 2, participants with a score of 5 had a lower risk (odds ratio: 0.39, 95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.94), independently of having diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Overall, 47% of the cases in this cohort could be attributed to lack of adherence to this low-risk pattern. These findings underscore the importance of a healthier lifestyle in preventing CKD.Hypertension Research advance online publication, 22 November 2012; doi:10.1038/hr.2012.186. HubMed – eating

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