[Eating Education and the Making of Strong, Robust, Productive Workers: An Analysis of Scientific Scholarship on Nutrition in Brazil, 1934-1941].
[Eating education and the making of strong, robust, productive workers: an analysis of scientific scholarship on nutrition in Brazil, 1934-1941].
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos. 2012 Mar; 19(1): 157-79
Bezerra JA
In exploring the emergence of scientific scholarship on the field of eating and nutrition in Brazil, the article examines works produced and published from 1934 to 1941 that disseminated and sought to encourage application of the conceptual and methodological bases of rational eating. Employing theory on the social genesis of a field, the investigation reveals that intellectuals in the area relied on a standardized approach and modus operandi: the indication of interventionist practices in eating and nutritional education which targeted large numbers of people and were influenced by the era’s social and educational ideas and by the notion of education as a tool for social redemption.
HubMed – eating
An examination of early childhood perfectionism across anorexia nervosa subtypes.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Int J Eat Disord. 2012 Apr 5;
Halmi KA, Bellace D, Berthod S, Ghosh S, Berrettini W, Brandt HA, Bulik CM, Crawford S, Fichter MM, Johnson CL, Kaplan A, Kaye WH, Thornton L, Treasure J, Blake Woodside D, Strober M
OBJECTIVE: To examine childhood perfectionism in anorexia nervosa (AN) restricting (RAN), purging (PAN), and binge eating with or without purging (BAN) subtypes. METHOD: The EATATE, a retrospective assessment of childhood perfectionism, and the eating disorder inventory (EDI-2) were administered to 728 AN participants. RESULTS: EATATE responses revealed general childhood perfectionism, 22.3% of 333 with RAN, 29.2% of 220 with PAN, and 24.8% of 116 with BAN; school work perfectionism, 31.2% with RAN, 30.4% with PAN, and 24.8% with BAN; childhood order and symmetry, 18.7% with RAN, 21.7% with PAN, and 17.8% with BAN; and global childhood rigidity, 42.6% with RAN, 48.3% with PAN and 48.1% with BAN. Perfectionism preceded the onset of AN in all subtypes. Significant associations between EDI-2 drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction were present with four EATATE subscales. DISCUSSION: Global childhood rigidity was the predominate feature that preceded all AN subtypes. This may be a risk factor for AN. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012).
HubMed – eating
The functional human neuroanatomy of food pleasure cycles.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Physiol Behav. 2012 Mar 28;
Kringelbach ML, Stein A, van Hartevelt TJ
Food ensures our survival and is a potential source of pleasure and general well-being. In order to survive, the human brain is required to optimize the resource allocation such that rewards are pursued when relevant. This means that food intake follows a similar cyclical time course to other rewards with phases related to expectation, consummation and satiety. Here we develop a multilevel model for the full cycle of eating behavior based on the evidence for the brain networks and mechanisms initiating, sustaining and terminating the various phases of eating. We concentrate on how the underlying reward mechanisms of wanting, liking and learning lead to how human food intake is governed by both hedonic and homeostatic principles. We describe five of the main processing principles controlling food intake: hunger and attentional signal processing; motivation-independent discriminative processing; reward representations; learning-dependent multimodal sensory representations and hedonic experience. Overall, the evidence shows that while human food intake is complex, we are making progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms and that the brain networks supporting the food pleasure cycle are remarkably similar to those underlying the processing of other rewards.
HubMed – eating
Brain processing of duodenal and portal glucose sensing.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
J Neuroendocrinol. 2012 Apr 4;
Boubaker J, Val-Laillet D, Guérin S, Malbert CH
Peripheral and central glucose sensing play a major role in the regulation of food intake. Peripheral sensing occurs at duodenal and portal levels, but the importance of these sensing sites is still controversial. The aim of our study was to compare the respective influence of these sensing pathways on the eating patterns, plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin and GLP-1, as well as brain activity in juvenile pigs. In Experiment 1, we characterized the changes in the microstructure of a 30-min meal in 8 conscious animals after duodenal or portal glucose infusion in comparison to saline infusion. In Experiment 2, glucose, insulin and GLP-1 plasma concentrations were measured during 2h after duodenal or portal glucose infusions in 4 anesthetized animals. In Experiment 3, SPECT brain imaging was performed in 5 anesthetized animals receiving duodenal or portal glucose or saline infusions. Both duodenal and portal glucose decreased the amount of food consumed as well as the ingestion speed, but this effect appeared earlier with the portal infusion. Significant differences of glucose and GLP-1 plasma concentrations between treatments were found at the moment of brain imaging. Both duodenal and portal glucose infusions activated the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and primary somatosensory cortex. Only duodenal glucose infusion induced the activation of the prepyriform area, orbitofrontal cortex, caudate and putamen, as well as the deactivation of the anterior prefrontal cortex and anterior entorhinal cortex, while only portal glucose infusion induced a significant activation of the insular cortex. We demonstrated that duodenal and portal glucose infusions led to the modulation of brain areas that are known to regulate eating behaviour, which probably explains the decrease of food intake after both stimulations. Though, these stimulation pathways induced specific systemic and central responses suggesting that different brain processing matrices are involved. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Neuroendocrinology © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
HubMed – eating
Young Mount Olive dancer battles eating disorder
Filed under: Eating Disorders
It started off with cutting back on meals and evolved into a full-blown eating disorder. A year earlier, Wiedow had a healthy, muscular dancer's body of 140 pounds. By the end of August 2011, her weight had fallen to 112 pounds. She was down to eating …
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Southborough sisters team up to raise money, awareness of eating disorders
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Now she is using the bracelets to spread hope to others affected by eating disorders, and to urge young women to forge their own definitions of beauty. “Beauty is different to different people” and shouldn't be defined by magazines or movie stars, …
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