Fifty-Two-Week Continuous Abstinence Rates of Smokers Being Treated With Varenicline Versus Nicotine Replacement Therapy.
Fifty-two-week continuous abstinence rates of smokers being treated with varenicline versus nicotine replacement therapy.
Addiction. 2013 May 13;
Kralikova E, Kmetova A, Stepankova L, Zvolska K, Davis R, West R
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cross-study comparisons of effect sizes suggest that varenicline is more effective than nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in aiding smoking cessation, but evidence from direct comparisons is limited. This study compared biochemically verified 52-week sustained abstinence rates in smokers attending the same clinical service according to whether they used varenicline or NRT in their quit attempt. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of 855 smokers attending a large smoking cessation clinic who used their choice of NRT product or varenicline in their quit attempt. All received the same behavioural support programme and chose their medication option (n?=?519 varenicline; n?=?336 NRT). The primary outcome measure was self-report of 52 weeks’ abstinence following the target quit date confirmed by expired air carbon monoxide concentration. Baseline measures included socio-demographic variables, mental health diagnoses, measures of smoking, cigarette dependence and past use of NRT or varenicline. RESULTS: The 52-week abstinence rates were 42.8% versus 31.0% in those using varenicline versus NRT, respectively (P?HubMed – addiction
Alcohol-selling outlets and mortality in Switzerland-the Swiss National Cohort.
Addiction. 2013 May 13;
Spoerri A, Zwahlen M, Panczak R, Egger M, Huss A,
AIM: To examine the association of alcohol-related mortality and other causes of death with neighbourhood density of alcohol-selling outlets for on-site consumption. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Longitudinal study of the adult Swiss population (n?=?4?376?873) based on census records linked to mortality data from 2001 to 2008. MEASUREMENTS: Sex-specific hazard ratios (HR) for death and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated using Cox models adjusting for age, educational level, occupational attainment, marital status and other potential confounders. The density of alcohol-selling outlets within 1000?m of the residence was calculated using geocodes of outlets and residences. FINDINGS: Compared with >17 outlets within 1000?m the HR for alcohol-related mortality in men was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.89-1.02) for 8-17 outlets, 0.84 (95%CI: 0.77-0.90) for 3-7 outlets, 0.76 (95%CI: 0.68-0.83) for 1-2 outlets and 0.60 (95%CI: 0.51-0.72) for 0 outlets. The gradient in women was somewhat steeper, with a HR comparing 0 with >17 outlets of 0.39 (95%CI: 0.26-0.60). Mortality from mental and behavioural causes and lung cancer were also associated with density of alcohol-selling outlets: HRs comparing 0 outlets with >17 outlets were 0.64 (95%CI: 0.52-0.79) and 0.79 (95%CI: 0.72-0.88), respectively, in men and 0.46 (95%CI: 0.27-0.78) and 0.63 (95%CI: 0.52-0.77), respectively, in women. There were weak associations in the same direction with all-cause mortality in men but not in women. CONCLUSIONS: In Switzerland, alcohol-related mortality is associated with the density of outlets around the place of residence. Community-level interventions to reduce alcohol outlet density may usefully complement existing interventions. HubMed – addiction
How can we develop a more precise examination of the role of alcohol in recovery from drug dependence?
Addiction. 2013 May 14;
Staiger PK, Richardson B, Long C, Carr V, Marlatt GA
Internet gaming disorder and the DSM-5.
Addiction. 2013 May 13;
Petry NM, O’Brien CP
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