Getting Science to the Citizen – ‘Food Addiction’ at the British Science Festival as a Case Study of Interactive Public Engagement With High Profile Scientific Controversy.
Getting Science to the Citizen – ‘Food Addiction’ at the British Science Festival as a Case Study of Interactive Public Engagement with High Profile Scientific Controversy.
Obes Facts. 2013; 6(1): 103-108
Bird SP, Murphy M, Bake T, Albayrak O, Mercer JG
Who Uses Exercise as a Coping Strategy for Stress? Results From a National Survey of Canadians.
J Phys Act Health. 2013 Mar 14;
Cairney J, Kwan M, Veldhuizen S, Faulkner G EJ
PURPOSE: To examine the prevalence of exercise as a coping behaviour for stress, compare this to other coping behaviours, and examine its demographic, behavioural, and health correlates in a nationally representative sample of Canadians. METHOD: We used data from the Canadian Community Health Survey 1.2, a cross-sectional survey of 36,984 Canadians aged 15 and over, and conducted univariate and logistic regression analyses to address our objectives. RESULTS: 40% of Canadians reported using exercise for coping with stress (ranked 8th overall). These individuals were more likely to endorse other ‘positive’ coping strategies and less likely to use alcohol or drugs for coping. Being younger, female, unmarried, of high SES, and a non-smoker were associated with higher likelihoods of using exercise as a coping strategy. High levels of leisure-time physical activity were associated with increased, and heavy physical activity at work with decreased, odds of reporting using exercise for stress coping. CONCLUSIONS: While reported use of exercise for stress coping is common in the general population, it is less so than several other behaviors. Encouraging exercise, particularly in groups identified as being less likely to use exercise for stress coping, could potentially reduce overall stress levels and improve general health and well-being. HubMed – addiction
Cost-Effectiveness and Cost-Utility of Internet-Based Computer Tailoring for Smoking Cessation.
J Med Internet Res. 2013; 15(3): e57
Smit ES, Evers SM, de Vries H, Hoving C
BACKGROUND: Although effective smoking cessation interventions exist, information is limited about their cost-effectiveness and cost-utility. OBJECTIVE: To assess the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of an Internet-based multiple computer-tailored smoking cessation program and tailored counseling by practice nurses working in Dutch general practices compared with an Internet-based multiple computer-tailored program only and care as usual. METHODS: The economic evaluation was embedded in a randomized controlled trial, for which 91 practice nurses recruited 414 eligible smokers. Smokers were randomized to receive multiple tailoring and counseling (n=163), multiple tailoring only (n=132), or usual care (n=119). Self-reported cost and quality of life were assessed during a 12-month follow-up period. Prolonged abstinence and 24-hour and 7-day point prevalence abstinence were assessed at 12-month follow-up. The trial-based economic evaluation was conducted from a societal perspective. Uncertainty was accounted for by bootstrapping (1000 times) and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the intervention arms with regard to baseline characteristics or effects on abstinence, quality of life, and addiction level. However, participants in the multiple tailoring and counseling group reported significantly more annual health care-related costs than participants in the usual care group. Cost-effectiveness analysis, using prolonged abstinence as the outcome measure, showed that the mere multiple computer-tailored program had the highest probability of being cost-effective. Compared with usual care, in this group €5100 had to be paid for each additional abstinent participant. With regard to cost-utility analyses, using quality of life as the outcome measure, usual care was probably most efficient. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this was the first study to determine the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of an Internet-based smoking cessation program with and without counseling by a practice nurse. Although the Internet-based multiple computer-tailored program seemed to be the most cost-effective treatment, the cost-utility was probably highest for care as usual. However, to ease the interpretation of cost-effectiveness results, future research should aim at identifying an acceptable cutoff point for the willingness to pay per abstinent participant. HubMed – addiction
Endocannabinoid system and drug addiction: new insights from mutant mice approaches.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2013 Mar 11;
Maldonado R, Robledo P, Berrendero F
The involvement of the endocannabinoid system in drug addiction was initially studied by the use of compounds with different affinities for each cannabinoid receptor or for the proteins involved in endocannabinoids inactivation. The generation of genetically modified mice with selective mutations in these endocannabinoid system components has now provided important advances in establishing their specific contribution to drug addiction. These genetic tools have identified the particular interest of CB1 cannabinoid receptor and endogenous anandamide as potential targets for drug addiction treatment. Novel genetic tools will allow determining if the modulation of CB2 cannabinoid receptor activity and 2-arachidonoylglycerol tone can also have an important therapeutic relevance for drug addiction. HubMed – addiction
Drug Rehab – Pain Management and Addiction part 2 – Jim Fent Speaks, http://www.abttc.net/ About Pain Management and Addiction part 2.