Healthy Eating Design Guidelines for School Architecture.
Healthy eating design guidelines for school architecture.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2013 Feb; 10: E27
Huang TT, Sorensen D, Davis S, Frerichs L, Brittin J, Celentano J, Callahan K, Trowbridge MJ
We developed a new tool, Healthy Eating Design Guidelines for School Architecture, to provide practitioners in architecture and public health with a practical set of spatially organized and theory-based strategies for making school environments more conducive to learning about and practicing healthy eating by optimizing physical resources and learning spaces. The design guidelines, developed through multidisciplinary collaboration, cover 10 domains of the school food environment (eg, cafeteria, kitchen, garden) and 5 core healthy eating design principles. A school redesign project in Dillwyn, Virginia, used the tool to improve the schools’ ability to adopt a healthy nutrition curriculum and promote healthy eating. The new tool, now in a pilot version, is expected to evolve as its components are tested and evaluated through public health and design research. HubMed – eating
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 inhibition enhances intestinal fatty acid oxidation and reduces energy intake in rats.
J Lipid Res. 2013 Feb 28;
Schober G, Arnold M, Birtles S, Buckett LK, Pacheco-Lopez G, Turnbull AV, Langhans W, Mansouri A
Acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT-1) catalyzes the final step in triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis and is highly expressed in the small intestine. Because dgat-1-/- mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity, we investigated the acute effects of intragastric (IG) infusion of a small molecule DGAT-1 inhibitor (DGAT-1i) on eating, circulating fat metabolites, indirect calorimetry, and hepatic and intestinal expression of key fat catabolism enzymes in male rats adapted to an 8 h feeding-16 h deprivation schedule. Also, the DGAT-1i effect on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) was investigated in enterocyte cell culture models. IG DGAT-1i infusions reduced energy intake compared to vehicle in high fat diet (HFD)-fed, but scarcely in chow-fed rats. IG DGAT-1i blunted also the postprandial increase in serum TAG and increased ?-hydroxybutyrate levels only in HFD-fed rats, in which it lowered the respiratory quotient and increased intestinal, but not hepatic, protein levels of the complex III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and of mitochondrial hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A synthase (mHMG-CoAS2). Finally, the DGAT-1i enhanced FAO in CaCo2 (EC50 = 0.3494) and HuTu80 (EC50 = 0.00762) cells. Thus, pharmacological DGAT-1 inhibition leads to an increase in intestinal FAO and ketogenesis when dietary fat is available. This may contribute to the observed eating-inhibitory effect. HubMed – eating
Weight loss and clinical characteristics of young adults patients seeking treatment at medical centers: Data from the QUOVADIS Study.
Eat Weight Disord. 2012 Dec; 17(4): e314-9
Calugi S, Dalle Grave R, Compare A, Dall’aglio E, Petroni ML, Marchesini G,
To compare clinical characteristics, attrition, weight loss, and psychological changes of obese young adults and obese adults seeking treatment.1530 individuals seeking treatment in 18 Italian medical centers were evaluated. 382 cases (25%) were classified as young adults (age?35 years), 1148 (75%) as adults (>35 years). Psychological distress, binge eating, body uneasiness, and attitude towards eating were evaluated, at baseline and after a 12-month weight-loss program, together with BMI changes. Weight-loss expectations and primary motivation for seeking treatment were also recorded.At baseline, young adults reported significantly higher BMI at age 20, weight loss expectations and body uneasiness scores than adults. A significantly higher percentage of young adults also reported improving appearance as primary reason for seeking treatment. The attrition rate was significantly larger in young adults. Among completers, the mean percent weight loss at 12 months and improvement of psychosocial variables were significantly higher in young adults than in adults. By intention to treat, BMI changes were no longer significant between groups.Obese young adults lose more weight and considerably improve psychological distress, but show a higher attrition rate after 12 months of continuous care in a real world medical setting. HubMed – eating