Life Smart: A Pilot Study of a School-Based Program to Reduce the Risk of Both Eating Disorders and Obesity in Young Adolescent Girls and Boys.
Life Smart: A Pilot Study of a School-Based Program to Reduce the Risk of Both Eating Disorders and Obesity in Young Adolescent Girls and Boys.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2013 May 22;
Wilksch SM, Wade TD
OBJECTIVE: To develop and pilot Life Smart, an eight-lesson program aimed at reducing risk factors for both eating disorders and obesity. METHODS: Grade 7 girls and boys (N = 115) from one independent school were randomly allocated to the Life Smart (two classes; N = 51) or control (three usual classes; N = 64) conditions. Risk factors were measured at baseline and post-program (5 weeks later). RESULTS: Life Smart was rated as moderately enjoyable and valuable by participants. ANCOVAs with baseline as a covariate revealed a significant main effect for group favoring Life Smart for shape and weight concern (Effect Size [ES] = .54), with post-hoc testing finding girls particularly benefited on this variable (ES = .78). CONCLUSIONS: Feedback was generally favorable, with some suggestions for even more interactive content. The program showed more promise with girls. Informed by these findings, the program underwent revisions and is now being evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. HubMed – eating
Airway Stent With Double Membranes in 4 Cases of Tracheoesophageal Fistula.
Chest. 2012 Oct 1; 142(4_MeetingAbstracts): 916A
Hu J
SESSION TYPE: Bronchoscopy and Interventional Procedures PostersPRESENTED ON: Wednesday, October 24, 2012 at 01:30 PM – 02:30 PMPURPOSE: Tracheoesophageal fistula often need surgery. But some patients can not endure surgery. Recurrence after operation is also troublesome. Airway implantation of stent coated with silicon membrane is useful in treating tracheoesophageal fistula. But sometimes it failed due to thin membrane. Our objectives were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of airway stent with double membranes in treating tracheoesophageal fistula.METHODS: From 7/2008 to 3/2012, four patients with tracheoesophageal fistulae, 3 due to esophageal cancer and 1 due to surgery for esophageal-cardiac achalasia, received an airway stent implantation. The nickel-titanium alloy stents were coated with inner silicon membrane and outer polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. The outer membrane was sewed to stents on distal side with suture silk. After airway stenting, the patients were followed up. The efficacy and side effects were evaluated.RESULTS: One patient received airway stent with a silicon membrane only before implantation of stent with double membranes. About 2 months later, the membrane was destroyed. Eating bucking and pulmonary infection recurred. After implantation of stents with double membranes, eating bucking disappeared soon in all four patients. Two patients with esophageal cancer died 3 and 6 months later, the other two patients are still alive. No recurrence occurred in all four patients. Severe complications were not observed.CONCLUSIONS: Airway stent with double membranes is effective and safe in treating tracheoesophageal fistula. Stents with double membranes may be more useful than one layer of membrane on sealing up fistula.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Although improvement should be made, our results suggest that airway stent with double membranes is alternative to tracheoesophageal fistula treatments.DISCLOSURE: The following authors have nothing to disclose: Jianlin HuNo Product/Research Disclosure InformationDepartment of Pulmonology, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China. HubMed – eating
Simultaneous Bilateral Spontaneous Pneumothorax.
Chest. 2012 Oct 1; 142(4_MeetingAbstracts): 528A
Ali M, Mathew J, Haroon A, Mahmood N, Khan MA
SESSION TYPE: Pleural Cases IIPRESENTED ON: Wednesday, October 24, 2012 at 11:15 AM – 12:30 PMINTRODUCTION: Spontaneous pneumothorax is the presence of air in the pleural space as a result of a rupture of the lung parenchyma and visceral pleura with no demonstrable cause. Primary pneumothorax most often occurs in younger individuals (in their 20’s) at rest with no precipitating events while Secondary occurs as a complication of underlying lung disease. We present a case of a patient who presents with simultaneous spontaneous bilateral pneumothoraces; a relatively rare occurrence.CASE PRESENTATION: A 58 year-old male with past medical history of mild mental retardation, alcohol abuse, and a 92 pack year history who reported sudden onset of shortness of breath with cough while eating pizza, that subsequently resolved on its own. The following morning, he reported that the shortness of breath returned and that it became progressively worse. The gentleman also reports that he had been experiencing dry cough for approximately 3-4 days, but that he had no chest pain, fevers, chills, sick contacts, or similar experiences in the past. In the emergency department, he was found to have an oxygen saturation of 92% on room air, heart rate of 82, blood pressure of 163/98, respiratory rate of 30, and was afebrile. On physical exam, he was noted to have bilateral scattered expiratory wheezing. Chest x-ray demonstrated bilateral pneumothoraces. CT scan provided additional information including the existence of bilateral blebs. Bilateral thoracostomies were performed with significant resolution, however pneumothoraces persisted. Bilateral video-assisted thorascopic surgery with apical bleb resections as well as bilateral talc pleurodesis was performed. Despite resolution of the right pneumothorax, the left pneumothorax persisted necessitating left thoracotomy with formal lung decortication, as well as parietal pleurectomy.DISCUSSION: Bilateral spontaneous pneumothoraces is a rare occurrence, with potentially more complications in those with secondary pneumothoraces because of likely diminished pulmonary reserve due to underlying lung disease. The likelihood that our patient had pre-existing apical blebs with some degree of rupture secondary to coughing/possible aspiration with development of bilateral pneumothoraces is fairly high. Treatment involves placement of bilateral chest tubes for large pneumothoraces, and possibly mechanical ventilation with subsequent VATS. Prevention includes VATS with stapling of blebs and pleural abrasion. Chemical pleurodesis via chest tube can be done for poor operative candidates.CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare cause of respiratory distress which needs prompt diagnosis and management to prevent high mortality.1) Graf-Deuel E, Knoblauch A; Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax. Chest. 1994 Apr;105(4):1142-6DISCLOSURE: The following authors have nothing to disclose: Muhammad Ali, Jacob Mathew, Aasiya Haroon, Nader Mahmood, M Anees KhanNo Product/Research Disclosure InformationSt. Josephs’s Regional Medical Center/Seton Hall Universtiy, Paterson, NJ. HubMed – eating
Diet and Functional Abdominal Pain in Children and Adolescents.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2013 May 20;
van Tilburg MA, Felix CT
Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is a common complaint among children and adolescents. For many patients, symptoms exacerbate with eating. This review discusses findings concerning the role of diet in FAP. The foods that are discussed are divided into two major groups: (1) Food allergies or intolerances, which focus on milk, gluten, and FODMAPS (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols), and (2) Functional foods, which hone in on foods that reduce abdominal pain in adolescents such as fiber, peppermint oil, and probiotics. Lastly we discuss the role of eating habits in FAP and how the physics of eating may be the real culprit of symptoms associated with eating. HubMed – eating