Lifestyle Factors and Socioeconomic Variables Associated With Abdominal Obesity in Brazilian Adolescents.
Lifestyle factors and socioeconomic variables associated with abdominal obesity in Brazilian adolescents.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Ann Hum Biol. 2013 Jan; 40(1): 1-8
de Moraes AC, Falcão MC
Background and aims: Lifestyle variables have a key role in the development of abdominal obesity (AO). The objective of this study was to identify lifestyle factors and socioeconomic variables associated with AO in adolescents. Methods and results: This study carried out a school-based survey in the Brazilian city of Maringá in Paraná. The representative sample was of 991 adolescents (54.5% girls) from both public and private high schools selected through multi-stage random sampling. AO was classified according to waist circumference value. The independent variables studied were: gender, age, socioeconomic level, parental and household characteristics, smoking, alcohol use, physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour and nutrition-related habits. Poisson regression was used with robust variance adjustment to analyse the associations. The analysis was stratified by sexes. The prevalence of AO was 32.7% (girls = 36.3%, boys = 28.4%). In girls, excessive intake of fried foods was inversely associated with AO and excessive consumption of soda was positively associated. In boys, the results demonstrated a negative association with excessive consumption of sweets and soda. Conclusion: It is concluded that the prevalence of AO among adolescents was higher in both sexes. AO is associated with different eating habits in females and males and these relationships are mediated by familial contexts.
HubMed – eating
Prediction of weight increase in anorexia nervosa.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Nord J Psychiatry. 2013 Jan 9;
Karlsson GP, Clinton D, Nevonen L
Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious psychiatric disorder with high mortality rates a poor outcome and no empirically supported treatment of choice for adults. Weight increase is essential for recovery from AN why research exploring important contributors is crucial. Aims: The current study examined the importance of motivation to change eating behaviour, treatment expectations and experiences, eating disorder symptomatology, self-image and treatment alliance for predicting weight increase. Methods: Female patients (n = 89) between 18 and 46 years of age with AN were assessed pre-treatment and at 6- and 36-month follow-ups with interviews and self-report questionnaires. At the 6-month follow-up the response rates differed from n = 58 (65%) to 66 (74%), and at the 36-month follow-up the response rates differed from n = 71 (80%) to 82 (92%). Results: At treatment start, expressed motivation to change eating habits, social insecurity and self-neglect were predictors of weight increase from 0 to 6 months, while duration, the time from onset to entering treatment, body dissatisfaction and interoceptive awareness were predictors of weight increase from 0 to 36 months. Conclusions: In designing treatment for adult patients with AN, it is essential to include multifaceted interventions addressed to patients’ motivation to change, social relations, negative self-image and body dissatisfaction in order to achieve weight increase. Early detection and thereby short duration is an additional important factor that contributes to weight increase.
HubMed – eating
Long-term urinary catheter users self-care practices and problems.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
J Clin Nurs. 2013 Feb; 22(3-4): 356-67
Wilde MH, McDonald MV, Brasch J, McMahon JM, Fairbanks E, Shah S, Tang W, Scheid E
To characterise a sample of 202 adult community-living long-term indwelling urinary catheter users, to describe self-care practices and catheter problems, and to explore relationships among demographics, catheter practices and problems.Long-term urinary catheter users have not been well studied, and persons using the device indefinitely for persistent urinary retention are likely to have different patterns of catheter practices and problems.The study was a cross-sectional descriptive and exploratory analysis.Home interviews were conducted with catheter users who provided information by self-reported recall over the previous two months. Data were analysed by descriptive statistics and tests of association between demographics, catheter practices and catheter problems.The sample was widely diverse in age (19-96 years), race and medical diagnosis. Urethral catheters were used slightly more often (56%) than suprapubic (44%), for a mean of six years (SD 7 years). Many persons were highly disabled, with 60% having difficulty in bathing, dressing, toileting and getting out of the bed; 19% also required assistance in eating. A high percentage of catheter problems were reported with: 43% experiencing leakage (bypassing of urine), 31% having had a urinary tract infection, 24% blockage of the catheter, 23% catheter-associated pain and 12% accidental dislodgment of the catheter. Treatments of catheter-related problems contributed to additional health care utilisation, including extra nurse or clinic visits, trips to the emergency department or hospitalisation. Symptoms of catheter-associated urinary tract infections were most often related to changes in the colour or character of urine or generalised symptoms.Catheter-related problems contribute to excess morbidity and health care utilisation and costs.More research is needed in how to minimise catheter-associated problems in long-term catheter users. Information from this study could help inform the development of interventions in this population.
HubMed – eating
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