Low Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Interleukin-8 in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Suicide Attempters.

Low vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-8 in cerebrospinal fluid of suicide attempters.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Transl Psychiatry. 2012; 2: e196
Isung J, Aeinehband S, Mobarrez F, Mårtensson B, Nordström P, Asberg M, Piehl F, Jokinen J

A dysregulated immune system influencing pathways for cytokine regulation and growth factor expression is implicated in the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines and growth factors with an ultra-sensitive immunoassay system in 43 medication-free suicide attempters and 20 healthy male volunteers. CSF vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CSF interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were significantly lower in suicide attempters compared with healthy controls. Further, CSF VEGF showed a significant negative correlation with depression severity. CSF IL-6 levels did not differ between suicide attempters and healthy controls. Low CSF levels of VEGF may represent a lack of trophic support to neurons and downregulation of neurogenesis in the hippocampus reflecting more severe depressive states. IL-8 has also been reported as important in neuroprotection as well as having chemokine activity in the innate immune response. The results support a role for an impaired innate immunity and dysregulation of neuroprotection in the pathophysiology of depression and suicidal behavior.
HubMed – depression

Burnout among Lithuanian Cardiac Surgeons and Cardiac Anesthesiologists.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Medicina (Kaunas). 2012; 48(9): 478-84
Mikalauskas A, Sirvinskas E, Marchertien? I, Macas A, Samalavi?ius R, Kinduris S, Benetis R

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of burnout among Lithuanian cardiac surgeons and cardiac anesthesiologists, and associations between burnout and the personal and professional characteristics of physicians. MATERIAL AND METHODS. A total of 29 cardiac surgeons and 30 cardiac anesthesiologists employed in Vilnius and Kaunas university hospitals as well as in Klaip?da Hospital were surveyed. Data on personal characteristics (age, gender, marital status, number of children, sleeping hours, and addictions), professional characteristics (years in practice, work character, work profile, and workload), career satisfaction, and symptoms of depression were collected by using an anonymous questionnaire. Burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). RESULTS. More than half (54.3%) of the physicians surveyed had been in practice for >15 years, 71.2% reported working more than 40 hours per week, and 62% reported of being burned out. As much as 19.3% of physicians reported high emotional exhaustion, 25.9% had high depersonalization, and 42.3% demonstrated low personal accomplishment at work. Nearly 95% of respondents would become a physician and 82.8% would choose to become a cardiac surgeon or a cardiac anesthesiologist again. Physicians who worked more than 40 hours per week, smokers, and those who were desperate were more likely to be burned out. CONCLUSIONS. Burnout was found to be prevalent among Lithuanian cardiac surgeons and cardiac anesthesiologists. Some personal and professional characteristics were significantly related to burnout. Burnout relief measures should be developed in order to prevent a further increase of burnout syndrome among Lithuanian cardiac surgeons and cardiac anesthesiologists.
HubMed – depression

Association of atypical decelerations with acidemia.

Filed under: Depression Treatment

Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Dec; 120(6): 1387-93
Cahill AG, Roehl KA, Odibo AO, Macones GA

: To estimate the incidence of atypical fetal heart rate deceleration characteristics in term labor and their association with acidemia.: A 5-year retrospective cohort study was performed of all singleton, nonanomalous gestations delivered at 37 weeks or after. Thirty minutes of electronic fetal monitoring before delivery were interpreted by two formally trained research nurses, blind to clinical and outcome data, using American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (the College) guidelines as well as deceleration features historically referred to as atypica such as shoulders, slow return, and variability within the deceleration. Acidemia was defined as umbilical cord arterial pH 7.10 or less. Incidence of atypical features was estimated; univariable and multivariable analyses were performed.: Within 5,388 women, the atypical feature seen with the most frequency was shoulders (n=2,914 [54.1%]) followed by slow return (n=2,618 [48.6%]), minimal deceleration variability (n=430 [8.0%]), and absent deceleration variability (n=4 [0.07%]). There was no difference in the incidence of atypical features between neonates with acidemia (n=57) and without (n=5,331). There was no association between shoulders (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63-1.81) or slow returns (adjusted OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.54-1.53) and acidemia. Similarly, compared with patients with moderate variability within deceleration nadirs, neither minimal (adjusted OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.43-1.55) nor marked (adjusted OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.27-1.55) variability was significantly associated with acidemia.: These data support the absence of these specific atypical deceleration characteristics from the recognized definitions of decelerations stipulated by the College and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 2008 given their lack of association with acidemia or neonatal depression.: II.
HubMed – depression

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