PICK1 Interacts With PACSIN to Regulate AMPA Receptor Internalization and Cerebellar Long-Term Depression.

PICK1 interacts with PACSIN to regulate AMPA receptor internalization and cerebellar long-term depression.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Aug 5;
Anggono V, Koç-Schmitz Y, Widagdo J, Kormann J, Quan A, Chen CM, Robinson PJ, Choi SY, Linden DJ, Plomann M, Huganir RL

The dynamic trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) into and out of synapses is crucial for synaptic transmission, plasticity, learning, and memory. The protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) directly interacts with GluA2/3 subunits of the AMPARs. Although the role of PICK1 in regulating AMPAR trafficking and multiple forms of synaptic plasticity is known, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Here, we report a unique interaction between PICK1 and all three members of the protein kinase C and casein kinase II substrate in neurons (PACSIN) family and show that they form a complex with AMPARs. Our results reveal that knockdown of the neuronal-specific protein, PACSIN1, leads to a significant reduction in AMPAR internalization following the activation of NMDA receptors in hippocampal neurons. The interaction between PICK1 and PACSIN1 is regulated by PACSIN1 phosphorylation within the variable region and is required for AMPAR endocytosis. Similarly, the binding of PICK1 to the ubiquitously expressed PACSIN2 is also regulated by the homologous phosphorylation sites within the PACSIN2-variable region. Genetic deletion of PACSIN2, which is highly expressed in Purkinje cells, eliminates cerebellar long-term depression. This deficit can be fully rescued by overexpressing wild-type PACSIN2, but not by a PACSIN2 phosphomimetic mutant, which does not bind PICK1 efficiently. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the interaction of PICK1 and PACSIN is required for the activity-dependent internalization of AMPARs and for the expression of long-term depression in the cerebellum. HubMed – depression

Does depression experienced by mothers leads to a decline in marital quality: a 21-year longitudinal study.

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2013 Aug 6;
Najman JM, Khatun M, Mamun A, Clavarino A, Williams GM, Scott J, O’Callaghan M, Hayatbakhsh R, Alati R

Marital conflict and/or marital breakdown are known pathways to the onset of depression. Few studies however have examined the possibility that depression can lead to a decrease in marital quality and an increase in marital breakdown. Depression may be an important pathway to a decline in martial quality.A birth cohort study with women (mothers) recruited early in pregnancy and followed for 21 years. Using repeated measures analysis for four waves of data collection we use GEE to examine the extent to which symptoms of depression predict subsequent poor martial quality in women and poor marital quality predicts subsequent depression.A bidirectional association between poor marital quality and depression is observed. After removing those who had pre-existing poor marital quality we note that depression predicts subsequent poor martial quality. Similarly, we note that poor marital quality predicts subsequent depression. These associations are all statistically significant and of a similar magnitude.Over the maternal reproductive life course there is a long-term trajectory of reduced marital quality and increased depression. Maternal depression is as likely to lead to a decline in marital quality as poor martial quality is likely to lead to increased levels of depression. There may be a need to develop intervention programmes to reduce this long-term pattern of change. HubMed – depression

Sexual Violence and Mental Health Symptoms Among National Guard and Reserve Soldiers.

J Gen Intern Med. 2013 Aug 6;
Walsh K, Koenen KC, Cohen GH, Ursano R, Gifford RK, Fullerton CS, Galea S

Reserve and National Guard (NG) soldiers report disproportionate mental health problems relative to active duty military upon returning from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. However, few studies have examined whether exposure to particular types of traumatic events (e.g., lifetime sexual violence) is associated with this increased burden of psychopathology.The current study examined the prevalence of lifetime sexual violence exposure as well as the adjusted odds and population attributable fraction of psychopathology associated with sexual violence in a large sample of male and female Reserve and NG soldiers.Baseline structured telephone interviews were conducted in 2009.1,030 Reserve (23 % female) and 973 NG (15 % female) soldiers.Four items assessed lifetime and deployment-related sexual violence. Probable lifetime and past-year posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression were assessed with the PTSD Checklist and the Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively.Lifetime sexual violence prevalence was 37.4 % and 27.6 % among Reserve and NG women, and 4.3 % and 3.7 % among Reserve and NG men, respectively. Recent deployment-related sexual violence ranged from 1.4 to 2.6 % for women and 0 % for men. Regression analyses indicated that the adjusted odds of probable past-year and lifetime PTSD and depression were 1.2 to 3.5 times greater among those reporting sexual violence relative to non-victims. The proportion of probable lifetime PTSD and depression attributable to sexual violence was 45.2 % and 16.6 %, respectively, in the Reserves, and 10.3 % and 6.2 %, respectively, in the NG.Lifetime sexual violence prevalence was high among female soldiers, with approximately one-third of Reserve and National Guard women reporting a history. The majority of sexual violence was not related to the most recent deployment; however, sexual violence contributed to a high burden of psychopathology. Findings emphasize a need to screen for lifetime sexual violence and associated mental disorders in military samples. HubMed – depression

Changes in the psychological characteristics of oral cancer patients in the perioperative period: a quantitative evaluation.

J Med Dent Sci. 2013; 60(1): 41-53
Koizumi A, Matsushima E, Mochizuki Y, Omura K, Amagasa T

We examined the changes in psychological distress and quality of life (QOL) during the perioperative period in oral cancer patients undergoing surgery and investigated the relationship between patient’s psychological distress and QOL. Methods. Fifty patients participated. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; Japanese version), as a psychological test and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General (FACT-G); and Head and Neck (FACT-H&N), as quality of life (QOL) surveys were administered preoperatively, after surgery, and 1 month after leaving the hospital. Results. Anxiety was highest pre-operation and depression was highest post-operation, but improvements in both were seen post-discharge. At the pre-operation time point, anxiety and depression low-score groups had significantly high scores on Emotional well-being and Functional well-being. At the post-operation time point, anxiety and depression low-score groups had significantly high scores on all QOL subscales. Conclusion. Providing psychological support while considering anxiety might be particularly useful preoperatively whereas providing psychological support while considering depression might be particularly useful postoperatively. HubMed – depression