Rehab Centers: Simultaneous Reconstruction of Extensor Mechanism in the Free Transfer of Vascularized Proximal Interphalangeal Joint.
Simultaneous reconstruction of extensor mechanism in the free transfer of vascularized proximal interphalangeal joint.
Filed under: Rehab Centers
Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg. 2013 Mar; 17(1): 20-4
Lin YT, Kao DS, Wan DC, Lien SH, Lin CH, Wei FC
From a recent systemic review, vascularized toe proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) transfer achieved an average arc of motion (AOM) of merely 37 degrees for finger PIPJ reconstruction. Despite the technical refinement over the past 3 decades, the resulting active motion of the reconstructed joint remains unpredictable and often fraught with extension lag. The technique for vascularized toe PIPJ transfer at our institute has evolved over the years to its current state, with simultaneous extensor mechanism reconstruction being a major component. During the transfer, the quality of extensor tendons on the recipient finger and donor toe are carefully evaluated. If the central slip of finger extensor is destroyed but the quality of lateral bands is adequate, centralization of lateral bands overlying the transferred PIPJ is performed. If there is acceptable central slip remnant at the proximal phalanx level, modified Stack procedure is performed for central slip reconstruction while leaving the lateral bands in continuity. If both lateral bands are poor, modified Stack procedure is performed unless the central tendon of the toe is strong enough to extend the PIPJ. From November 2008 to October 2010, 7 joints were transferred with this modified technique. The average follow-up was 18.2 months. The average active AOM of the transferred PIPJ was 56.4 degrees. The average extension lag of the toe PIPJ was 10.7 and 16.4 degrees before and after the transfer, respectively. Simultaneous reconstruction of extensor mechanism decreases the extension lag without sacrificing AOM of the transferred PIPJ.
HubMed – rehab
Cognitive rehabilitation reduces cognitive impairment and normalizes hippocampal CA1 architecture in a rat model of vascular dementia.
Filed under: Rehab Centers
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2013 Feb 20;
Langdon KD, Granter-Button S, Harley CW, Moody-Corbett F, Peeling J, Corbett D
Dementia is a major cause of morbidity in the western society. Pharmacological therapies to delay the progression of cognitive impairments are modestly successful. Consequently, new therapies are urgently required to improve cognitive deficits associated with dementia. We evaluated the effects of physical and cognitive activity on learning and memory in a rat model of vascular dementia (VasD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 months old) were exposed to either regular chow or a diet rich in saturated fats and sucrose and chronic bilateral common carotid artery occlusion or sham surgery. First, this model of VasD was validated using a 2 × 2 experimental design (surgery × diet) and standard cognitive outcomes. Next, using identical surgical procedures, we exposed animals to a paradigm of cognitive rehabilitation or a sedentary condition. At 16 weeks post surgery, VasD animals demonstrated significant learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze, independent of diet. Rehabilitation significantly attenuated these cognitive deficits at this time point as well as at 24 weeks. Further, rehabilitation normalized hippocampal CA1 soma size (area and volume) to that of control animals, independent of cell number. Importantly, these findings demonstrate beneficial neuroplasticity in early middle-aged rats that promoted cognitive recovery, an area rarely explored in preclinical studies.Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism advance online publication, 20 February 2013; doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.21.
HubMed – rehab
Leptin, adiponectin, and short-term and long-term weight loss after a lifestyle intervention in obese children.
Filed under: Rehab Centers
Nutrition. 2013 Feb 16;
Siegrist M, Rank M, Wolfarth B, Langhof H, Haller B, Koenig W, Halle M
OBJECTIVE: In overweight children, high leptin levels are independently associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease, whereas adiponectin seems to be protective against type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. The study examines the predictive value of leptin for weight loss after a 4- to 6-wk inpatient therapy and again after 1 y; as well as the association among weight loss, leptin, and adiponectin levels and changes in cardiometabolic risk factors after therapy. METHODS: Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, Tanner stage, and cardiometabolic risk factors were studied in 402 children (59.2% females, 13.9 ± 2.3 y, BMI 33.8 ± 5.7 kg/m(2)) before and after a 4-to 6-wk inpatient intervention (exercise, diet, and behavioral therapy) and BMI 1 y later (n = 206). RESULTS: BMI was reduced from 33.8 ± 5.7 to 30.5 ± 5.1 kg/m(2) (P < 0.001) during the lifestyle intervention and remained unchanged after 1 y. Baseline BMI was positively associated with leptin (r = 0.60; P < 0.001) and cardiometabolic risk factors (blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, triglycerides). Baseline leptin was associated with BMI and triglycerides (r = 0.39; P < 0.001), baseline adiponectin with HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.40; P < 0.001). Baseline BMI explained 40.7% of the variance in weight loss during therapy. The combination of BMI, sex, and leptin explained 50.4% of the variance. Neither BMI nor leptin predicted weight changes over the long term. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight children maintained a substantial amount of weight loss after participation in a short-term inpatient lifestyle intervention. Baseline BMI was positively associated with weight reduction during the intervention, whereas baseline leptin had only a minor predictive value. HubMed – rehab
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