Replication of Chronic Abnormal Cartilage Loading by Medial Meniscus Destabilization for Modeling Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit Knee in Vivo.
Replication of chronic abnormal cartilage loading by medial meniscus destabilization for modeling osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee in vivo.
J Orthop Res. 2013 Jul 10;
Arunakul M, Tochigi Y, Goetz JE, Diestelmeier BW, Heiner AD, Rudert J, Fredericks DC, Brown TD, McKinley TO
Medial meniscus destabilization (MMD) is a surgical insult technique for modeling osteoarthritis (OA) by replicating chronic abnormal cartilage loading in animal joints in vivo. The present study aimed to characterize the immediate biomechanical effects (ex vivo) and short-term histological consequences (in vivo) of MMD in the rabbit knee. In a compressive loading test, contact stress distribution in the medial compartment was measured in eight cadaver rabbit knees, initially with all major joint structures uninjured (Baseline), after MMD, and finally after total medial meniscectomy (TMM). Similarly, the effects on sagittal joint stability were determined in an anterior-posterior drawer test. These biomechanical (ex vivo) data indicated that both MMD and TMM caused significant (p?1.5-fold) elevation of peak local contact stress in the medial compartment, while leaving whole-joint stability nearly unchanged. Histological consequences in vivo were assessed in a short-term (8-week) survival series of MMD or TMM (five animals for each group), and both caused moderate cartilage degeneration in the medial compartment. The MMD insult, which is feasible through posterior arthrotomy alone, is as effective as TMM for modeling injurious-level chronic abnormal cartilage loading in the rabbit knee medial compartment in vivo, while minimizing potential confounding effects from whole-joint instability. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res. HubMed – rehab
Validation of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIFE) for use in Brazil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2013 Jul 9;
Gonzáles AI, Sties SW, Wittkopf PG, Mara LS, Ulbrich AZ, Cardoso FL, Carvalho TD
The International Index of Erectile Function has been proposed as a method for assessing sexual function assisting the diagnosis and classification of erectile dysfunction. However, IIEF was not validated for the Portuguese language.Validate the International Index of Erectile Function in patients with cardiopulmonary and metabolic diseases.The sample consisted of 108 participants of to Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic program Rehabilitation (CPMR) in southern Brazil. The clarity assessment of the instrument was performed using a scale ranging from zero to 10. The construct validity was carried out by confirmatory factor analysis (KMO = 0.85; Barllet p < 0.001), internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha and reproducibility and interrater reliability via the test retest method.The items were considered very clear with averages superior to 9. The internal consistency resulted in 0.89. The majority of items related correctly with their domains, with exception of three questions from sexual satisfaction domain, and one from erectile function. All items showed excellent stability of measure and substantial to almost perfect agreement.The present study showed that the IIEF is valid and reliable for use in participants of a cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation program. HubMed – rehab
Neuronal Network Plasticity and Recovery From Depression.
JAMA Psychiatry. 2013 Jul 10;
Castrén E
The brain processes sensory information in neuronal networks that are shaped by experience, particularly during early life, to optimally represent the internal and external milieu. Recent surprising findings have revealed that antidepressant drugs reactivate a window of juvenile-like plasticity in the adult cortex. When antidepressant-induced plasticity was combined with appropriate rehabilitation, it brought about a functional recovery of abnormally wired neuronal networks. These observations suggest that antidepressants act permissively to facilitate environmental influence on neuronal network reorganization and so provide a plausible neurobiological explanation for the enhanced effect of combining antidepressant treatment with psychotherapy. The results emphasize that pharmacological and psychological treatments of mood disorders are closely entwined: the effect of antidepressant-induced plasticity is facilitated by rehabilitation, such as psychotherapy, that guides the plastic networks, and psychotherapy benefits from the enhanced plasticity provided by the drug treatment. Optimized combinations of pharmacological and psychological treatments might help make best use of existing antidepressant drugs and reduce the number of treatment-resistant patients. The network hypothesis of antidepressant action presented here proposes that recovery from depression and related mood disorders is a gradual process that develops slowly and is facilitated by structured guidance and rehabilitation. HubMed – rehab
Study of the severity of musculoskeletal injuries and triage during the 2005 Pakistan earthquake.
Int Orthop. 2013 Jul 11;
Awais S, Saeed A
On 8 October 2005 a massive earthquake hit the northern mountainous areas of Pakistan and Kashmir causing 73,338 deaths and leaving over 125,000 severely injured. In a region which was less prepared for such an enormous disaster, mobilising rescue, relief and rehabilitation posed great challenges. The first author (SMA) established two level 1 orthopaedic trauma and rehabilitation units in each of two severely hit major cities through private philanthropy. According to the severity of injuries, the patients were triaged and treated. The aim of this study is to improve the future strategies in similar scenarios.This is a retrospective review of medical records of patients suffering from musculoskeletal injuries in the aftermath of the 2005 earthquake who were managed in these centres in the order of triage priority. The patients were received, categorised, worked up and provided definitive surgical procedures. All patients were provided assistance for the fitting of a prosthesis and rehabilitation.Of 128,304 (total of injured patients), 19,700 were managed in two centres established by SMA during the first months after the earthquake. Of these, 112 patients underwent amputations of upper and lower limbs.In a massive calamity over a wide geographical area away from big university hospitals, such as the 2005 Pakistan earthquake, the level 1 operating theatre facilities must be established within the area to meet the immediate needs of the patients nearest to their homes and families, and run forever so that patients can have excellent follow-up and can use the same facilities regularly. In the aftermath of this earthquake the need to practise triage in the first 72 hours was thoroughly realised and effectively practised in our centres. HubMed – rehab