[Role of Stress in Depression Insomnia and Sleep Characteristics of Commonly Used Animal Stress Models].
[Role of stress in depression insomnia and sleep characteristics of commonly used animal stress models].
Filed under: Depression Treatment
Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2012 Jan; 47(1): 1-6
Li YY, Hu ZZ, Huang ZL, Yang SR
Depression and insomnia are intimately related. Depressed patients usually manifest sleep discontinuity and early awakening, reduced or no slow wave sleep (SWS) and shortened latency of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. These sleep abnormalities are very similar to those caused by over activated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with stress. Therefore, the animal models developed by post-traumatic stress disorder or chronic unpredictable mild stress could be used to evaluate drugs which have effects of both anti-depression and improvement of sleep quality, and to provide a more reliable platform for further studis on the mechanisms of depression and accompanied insomnia. This review mainly focuses on the typical features of sleep disturbance of depression, possible pathophysiological mechanisms, establishment of animal stress models and analysis of their abnormal sleep characteristics.
HubMed – depression
Association of depressive symptoms with functional outcome after traumatic brain injury.
Filed under: Depression Treatment
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2012 Mar; 27(2): 87-98
Hudak AM, Hynan LS, Harper CR, Diaz-Arrastia R
To test whether improved functional status correlates with more depressive symptoms after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This is based on the concept that increasing awareness of deficits may exacerbate depression, even while survivors are making functional improvements.A total of 471 individuals with TBI (72% white; 71% men; median Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score = 11) enrolled during acute care or inpatient rehabilitation and followed up at a median of 6 months.Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, and Functional Status Examination (FSE).We found significant Spearman rank order correlations between BDI-II scores and the total FSE as well as all domains of the FSE. Lower functional levels correlated with more depressive symptoms. Modeling of predictive factors, including subject characteristics, injury related characteristics, and outcome measures, resulted in 2 models, both containing age and GCS along with other factors.The relation between depressive symptoms and functional outcomes is complex and a fertile area for further research. The authors would encourage clinicians to monitor patients for depressive symptoms to help to prevent the detrimental impact on recovery.
HubMed – depression
An examination of TOR1A variants in recurrent major depression.
Filed under: Depression Treatment
Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet. 2012; 3(1): 91-5
Fa H, B L, P E, M D, G H, Pg S
Observations of comorbid depression in subjects with primary dystonia have suggested a dual role for the TOR1A gene in mood disorders and movement disorders. We conducted a systematic search for carriers of the ?GAG deletion and for other variants in TOR1A exon 5 among 414 Caucasian subjects with recurrent major depression from the Upper Palatinate.Allele frequencies were determined for 27 TOR1A diallelic markers, including two novel synonymous substitutions (L262L and E310E) in the region encoding the torsinA C-terminus, plus four novel variants in the gene’s 3’UTR. No carriers of the ?GAG deletion were observed. When data were compared to previously examined control populations, no significant allelic associations were noted after corrections for multiple testing.The present study adds to the spectrum of TOR1A mutations but provides no evidence of a common genetic predisposition to DYT1 dystonia and recurrent major depression.
HubMed – depression
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