Seroepidemiology of HBV Infection in South-East of Iran; a Population Based Study.
Seroepidemiology of HBV infection in South-East of iran; a population based study.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2012 May; 14(5): 283-8
Salehi M, Alavian SM, Tabatabaei SV, Izadi Sh, Sanei Moghaddam E, Amini Kafi-Abad S, Gharehbaghian A, Khosravi S, Abolghasemi H
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma affecting billions of people globally. Since information on its prevalence in general population is mandatory for formulating effective policies, this population based serological survey was conducted in Sistan and Baluchistan, where no previous epidemiological data were available.Using random cluster sampling 3989 healthy subjects were selected from 9 districts of Sistan and Baluchistan Province in southeastern Iran. The subjects’ age ranged from 6 to 65 years old. Serum samples were tested for HBcAb, HBsAg. Screening tests were carried out by the third generation of ELISA. Various risk factors were recorded and multivariate analysis was performed.The prevalence of HBsAg and HBcAb in Sistan and Baluchistan was 3.38% (95% CI 2.85; 3.98) and 23.58% (95% CI 22.29; 24.93) respectively. We found 8 cases of positive anti-HDV antibody. Predictors of HBsAg or HBcAb in multivariate analysis were age, marital status and addiction.The rate of HBV infection in Sistan and Baluchistan was higher than other parts of Iran. Approximately 25% of general population in this province had previous exposure to HBV and 3% were HBsAg carriers. Intrafamilial and addiction were major routes of HBV transmission in this province.
HubMed – addiction
Using poison center exposure calls to predict methadone poisoning deaths.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
PLoS One. 2012; 7(7): e41181
Dasgupta N, Davis J, Jonsson Funk M, Dart R
There are more drug overdose deaths in the Untied States than motor vehicle fatalities. Yet the US vital statistics reporting system is of limited value because the data are delayed by four years. Poison centers report data within an hour of the event, but previous studies suggested a small proportion of poisoning deaths are reported to poison centers (PC). In an era of improved electronic surveillance capabilities, exposure calls to PCs may be an alternate indicator of trends in overdose mortality.We used PC call counts for methadone that were reported to the Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance (RADARS®) System in 2006 and 2007. US death certificate data were used to identify deaths due to methadone. Linear regression was used to quantify the relationship of deaths and poison center calls.Compared to decedents, poison center callers tended to be younger, more often female, at home and less likely to require medical attention. A strong association was found with PC calls and methadone mortality (b?=?0.88, se?=?0.42, t?=?9.5, df?=?1, p<0.0001, R(2)?=?0.77). These findings were robust to large changes in a sensitivity analysis assessing the impact of underreporting of methadone overdose deaths.Our results suggest that calls to poison centers for methadone are correlated with poisoning mortality as identified on death certificates. Calls received by poison centers may be used for timely surveillance of mortality due to methadone. In the midst of the prescription opioid overdose epidemic, electronic surveillance tools that report in real-time are powerful public health tools. HubMed – addiction
DNA damage and neurotoxicity of chronic alcohol abuse.
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2012 Jul 24;
Kruman II, Henderson GI, Bergeson SE
Chronic alcohol abuse results in a variety of pathological effects including damage to the brain. The causes of alcohol-induced brain pathology are presently unclear. Several mechanisms of pathogenicity of chronic alcoholism have been proposed, including accumulation of DNA damage in the absence of repair, resulting in genomic instability and death of neurons. Genomic instability is a unified genetic mechanism leading to a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. Ethanol also likely interacts with various metabolic pathways, including one-carbon metabolism (OCM). OCM is critical for the synthesis of DNA precursors, essential for DNA repair, and as a methyl donor for various methylation events, including DNA methylation. Both DNA repair and DNA methylation are critical for maintaining genomic stability. In this review, we outline the role of DNA damage and DNA repair dysfunction in chronic alcohol-induced neurodegeneration.
HubMed – addiction
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Hanley Center & Caron Treatment Centers Unite
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Caron is well known for pioneering addiction treatment that is gender-specific and specialized for adolescents, young adults, families, as well as in instances of relapse. Hanley has forged new ground creating programs focused on baby boomers and …
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Oxy addict admits booze thefts
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
Curtis, 31, was stealing it to feed his addiction to the painkiller OxyContin. "I want to say I'm done. I want to go to rehab and get over this," he told Ontario Court Justice Thomas McKay. Assistant Crown attorney Steve Monaghan outlined the details …
Read more on London Free Press
It Is Possible to Overcome an Addiction Without Treatment
Filed under: Addiction Rehab
The remaining 25 percent who changed and had sought help at some point, did not all receive specialty addiction treatment followed up with on-going lifelong 12-step involvement. Only 17% of people have been exposed to both specialty treatment and …
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