Significant Molecular and Systemic Adaptations After Repeated Sprint Training in Hypoxia.
Significant molecular and systemic adaptations after repeated sprint training in hypoxia.
PLoS One. 2013; 8(2): e56522
Faiss R, Léger B, Vesin JM, Fournier PE, Eggel Y, Dériaz O, Millet GP
While intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) has been reported to evoke cellular responses via hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) but without substantial performance benefits in endurance athletes, we hypothesized that repeated sprint training in hypoxia could enhance repeated sprint ability (RSA) performed in normoxia via improved glycolysis and O(2) utilization. 40 trained subjects completed 8 cycling repeated sprint sessions in hypoxia (RSH, 3000 m) or normoxia (RSN, 485 m). Before (Pre-) and after (Post-) training, muscular levels of selected mRNAs were analyzed from resting muscle biopsies and RSA tested until exhaustion (10-s sprint, work-to-rest ratio 1?2) with muscle perfusion assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy. From Pre- to Post-, the average power output of all sprints in RSA was increased (p<0.01) to the same extent (6% vs 7%, NS) in RSH and in RSN but the number of sprints to exhaustion was increased in RSH (9.4±4.8 vs. 13.0±6.2 sprints, p<0.01) but not in RSN (9.3±4.2 vs. 8.9±3.5). mRNA concentrations of HIF-1? (+55%), carbonic anhydrase III (+35%) and monocarboxylate transporter-4 (+20%) were augmented (p<0.05) whereas mitochondrial transcription factor A (-40%), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1? (-23%) and monocarboxylate transporter-1 (-36%) were decreased (p<0.01) in RSH only. Besides, the changes in total hemoglobin variations (?[tHb]) during sprints throughout RSA test increased to a greater extent (p<0.01) in RSH. Our findings show larger improvement in repeated sprint performance in RSH than in RSN with significant molecular adaptations and larger blood perfusion variations in active muscles. HubMed – rehab
Stair descending exercise using a novel automatic escalator: effects on muscle performance and health-related parameters.
PLoS One. 2013; 8(2): e56218
Paschalis V, Theodorou AA, Panayiotou G, Kyparos A, Patikas D, Grivas GV, Nikolaidis MG, Vrabas IS
A novel automatic escalator was designed, constructed and used in the present investigation. The aim of the present investigation was to compare the effect of two repeated sessions of stair descending versus stair ascending exercise on muscle performance and health-related parameters in young healthy men. Twenty males participated and were randomly divided into two equal-sized groups: a stair descending group (muscle-damaging group) and a stair ascending group (non-muscle-damaging group). Each group performed two sessions of stair descending or stair ascending exercise on the automatic escalator while a three week period was elapsed between the two exercise sessions. Indices of muscle function, insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profile and redox status were assessed before and immediately after, as well as at day 2 and day 4 after both exercise sessions. It was found that the first bout of stair descending exercise caused muscle damage, induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress as well as affected positively blood lipid profile. However, after the second bout of stair descending exercise the alterations in all parameters were diminished or abolished. On the other hand, the stair ascending exercise induced only minor effects on muscle function and health-related parameters after both exercise bouts. The results of the present investigation indicate that stair descending exercise seems to be a promising way of exercise that can provoke positive effects on blood lipid profile and antioxidant status. HubMed – rehab
Bone Metastases and Skeletal-Related Events in Patients with Malignant Pheochromocytoma and Sympathetic Paraganglioma.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Feb 22;
Ayala-Ramirez M, Palmer JL, Hoffman MC, de la Cruz M, Moon BS, Waguespack SG, Habra MA, Jimenez C
Context:Bone metastases (BM) can cause severe pain, spinal cord compression, pathological fractures, and/or hypercalcemia. These skeletal-related events (SREs) may cause immobilization, loss of independence, poor quality of life, and reduced survival. There is limited information on the clinical effects of BM and SREs in patients with malignant pheochromocytoma or sympathetic paraganglioma (PHEO/sPGL).Objectives:We studied the prevalence and clinical characteristics of BM and SREs in patients with PHEO/sPGL and investigated the risk factors for SRE development.Design:Using a large institutional database, we conducted a retrospective study of 128 patients with malignant PHEO/sPGL at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from 1967 through 2011.Results:Of the patients, 91 (71%) had BM, and 57 of these (63%) developed metachronous BM at a median time of 3.4 years (range, 5 months to 23 years) after the primary tumor diagnosis. Metastatic disease was confined exclusively to the skeleton in 26 of 128 (20%) patients. Sufficient information to assess SRE occurrence was available for 67 patients, and 48 of 67 (72%) patients had at least 1 SRE. The median overall survival for the 128 patients was 12 years for patients with only BM, 7.5 years for patients with nonosseous metastases, and 5 years for patients with both BM and nonosseous metastases (log rank test P value = .005). We were unable to identify factors predictive of SRE development, but the occurrence of a first SRE was associated with the development of subsequent SREs in 48% of subjects. In responsive patients, the use of systemic therapy was associated with fewer SREs (P < .0001).Conclusions:BM and SREs are frequent in patients with malignant PHEO/sPGL. SREs often develop shortly after the diagnosis of BM; severe pain is the most frequent SRE. These patients should be followed long-term by a multidisciplinary team to promptly identify the need for medical or surgical intervention. HubMed – rehab
A comparison between the suction suspension system and the hypobaric Iceross Seal-In(R) X5 in transtibial amputees.
Prosthet Orthot Int. 2013 Feb 22;
Brunelli S, Delussu AS, Paradisi F, Pellegrini R, Traballesi M
Background:The two passive vacuum suspension systems currently available in total surface-bearing sockets are the hypobaric Iceross Seal-In(®) and the suction suspension system.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the hypobaric Iceross Seal-In(®) liner with that of the suction suspension system for quality of life, pistoning, and prosthesis efficiency in unilateral transtibial amputees.Study design:Single-group repeated measures.Methods:Ten amputees were enrolled. The pistoning test, used to compare vertical movement of the stump within the socket, and the energy cost of walking test were carried out when the amputees were wearing the suction suspension system and after 2, 5, and 7 weeks of Seal-In® X5 use. The Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire and the Houghton Scale Questionnaire of perceived mobility and quality of life with the prosthesis, and the Timed Up&Go Test and the Locomotor Capability Index for functional mobility were also administered at the beginning and end of the study.Results:The hypobaric Iceross Seal-In® X5 led to significant pistoning reduction and improvement on the Houghton Scale Questionnaire and 3 of 9 domains of the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire. No statistical changes were observed in functional mobility or the energy cost of walking tests.Conclusion:Replacing the suction suspension system with the hypobaric Iceross Seal-In® X5 improves quality of life in transtibial amputees.Clinical relevanceThe main indicator of suspension system efficiency in lower-limb prostheses is pistoning in the socket. Reduced pistoning of the hypobaric Iceross Seal-In® X5 may contribute to amputees’ rehabilitation. HubMed – rehab
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