Unhealthy Weight-Control Behaviours, Dieting and Weight Status: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between North American and Spanish Adolescents.
Unhealthy Weight-control Behaviours, Dieting and Weight Status: A Cross-cultural Comparison between North American and Spanish Adolescents.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2012 Oct 11;
López-Guimerà G, Neumark-Sztainer D, Hannan P, Fauquet J, Loth K, Sánchez-Carracedo D
The aim of the current study was to examine and compare dieting and unhealthy weight-control behaviours (UWCB) in population-based samples in two large urban areas in Spain (Barcelona) and in the USA (Twin Cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota). Additionally, use of UWCB across weight categories was explored in both samples. Participants included 1501 adolescents from Barcelona (48% girls, 52% boys) and 2793 adolescents from the Twin Cities (53% girls, 47% boys). The main outcome measures were dieting, UWCB (less extreme and extreme) and weight status. Although dieting and UWCB were prevalent in both samples, particularly among girls, the prevalence was higher in the US sample. In both countries, the report of dieting and use of UWCB was highest among overweight and obese youth. Prevention interventions that address the broad spectrum of eating and weight-related problems should be warranted in light of the high prevalence and co-occurrence of overweight and unhealthy weight-related behaviours. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
HubMed – eating
Missing Data in Long-term Follow-up of Patients with Eating Disorders Using the Body Attitude Test.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2012 Oct 11;
Geerdens C, Vanderlinden J, Pieters G, De Herdt A, Probst M
OBJECTIVE: Incompleteness of data is a major problem within clinical follow-up studies. The aim of present study was to compare different statistical models in the management of follow-up data in patients with eating disorders using the Body Attitude Test. METHOD: A prospective longitudinal investigation with repeated evaluations over fixed time intervals was conducted among 807 female patients with eating disorders using the Body Attitude Test as a dependent-variable. Three types of missing data mechanisms were explored: missing completely at random, missing at random and missing not at random. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis showed that the missing completely at random type of missing data mechanism is less reliable than the missing at random or missing not at random mechanisms. Five years after admission, the body experience of eating disorder patients is less deviant. Compared with normative data, 37% of the eating disorder patients still had a more negative body experience 5?years after admission. DISCUSSION: There is no single correct method for dealing with missing data. Therefore, it is recommended that multiple methods be used under different assumptions of absenteeism. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
HubMed – eating
Anorexia Nervosa and Low Weight EDNOS: A 10-year Study of Service Consumption and Outcome in a Local Specialised Service for Adults.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2012 Oct 11;
Wales J, Brewin N, Palmer RL
A 10-year retrospective case note study of adults with eating disorders at low weight examined levels of service consumption and the outcome in terms of body mass index. Records of 202 such patients, referred to a specialist secondary service, were studied. Just over one quarter of the patients failed to engage in treatment, attending five or fewer appointments. Of those who did engage, most were treated as out-patients and had an average contact with the service of almost 2.5?years and 46 sessions. Only about one in six patients was admitted as an in-patient at any time. These results suggest that most adults with eating disorder at low weight can be managed as out-patients. However, service providers should expect prolonged contact and high service consumption. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
HubMed – eating
Mouth asymmetry in the textbook example of scale-eating cichlid fish is not a discrete dimorphism after all.
Filed under: Eating Disorders
Proc Biol Sci. 2012 Oct 10;
Kusche H, Lee HJ, Meyer A
Individuals of the scale-eating cichlid fish, Perissodus microlepis, from Lake Tanganyika tend to have remarkably asymmetric heads that are either left-bending or right-bending. The ‘left’ morph opens its mouth markedly towards the left and preferentially feeds on the scales from the right-hand side of its victim fish, and the ‘right’ morph bites scales from the victims’ left-hand side. This striking dimorphism made these fish a textbook example of their astonishing degree of ecological specialization and as one of the few known incidences of negative frequency-dependent selection acting on an asymmetric morphological trait, where left and right forms are equally frequent within a species. We investigated the degree and the shape of the frequency distribution of head asymmetry in P. microlepis to test whether the variation conforms to a discrete dimorphism, as generally assumed. In both adult and juvenile fish, mouth asymmetry appeared to be continuously and unimodally distributed with no clear evidence for a discrete dimorphism. Mixture analyses did not reveal evidence of a discrete or even strong dimorphism. These results raise doubts about previous claims, as reported in textbooks, that head variation in P. microlepis represents a discrete dimorphism of left- and right-bending forms. Based on extensive field sampling that excluded ambiguous (i.e. symmetric or weakly asymmetric) individual adults, we found that left and right morphs occur in equal abundance in five populations. Moreover, mate pairing for 51 wild-caught pairs was random with regard to head laterality, calling into question reports that this laterality is maintained through disassortative mating.
HubMed – eating
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