Violence Against Women by Their Husband and Postpartum Depression.
Violence against Women by their Husband and Postpartum Depression.
Filed under: Depression Treatment
J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2012 Sep; 10(22): 176-80
Budhathoki N, Dahal M, Bhusal S, Ojha H, Pandey S, Basnet S
Background: Violence against women in developing countries is very high with very little to choose between the cities and provinces. In Nepal too, violence against women is very rampant. This occurs despite physical violence against women being ascribed as criminal act by Domestic Violence Act. The main objective of the study was to see the association between postpartum depression and violence against women. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among pregnant women of reproductive age group in two centers. Standard questionnaires were used to collect data regarding violence and for detecting postpartum depression. Three interviews one in antenatal and two in postnatal period were taken. Results: The incidence of postpartum depression was found to be 19.4 % (95% CI = 14.73 – 24.06) and 22.22% (95% CI = 17.30 – 27.09) during first (6 week postpartum ) and second (10th week) postpartum interview respectively. The incidence of physical, psychological and sexual violence was found to be 20.8% (95%CI= 16.01 – 25.58), 19.4% (95%CI= 14.73 – 24.06) and 13.9% (95% CI= 9.82 – 17.97) respectively. No statistically significant relationship could be found between different forms of violence and postpartum depression .The study showed that all the women with bad communication or conversation with the husband had postpartum depression while only 17.1% of women with good conversation had postpartum depression. Conclusions: No form of violence against women had statistically significant association with development of postpartum depression among Nepalese population. Keywords: cohort study; postpartum depression; violence.
HubMed – depression
[Expression of miR-16 in the hippocampus of depressed adult rats induced by maternal deprivation].
Filed under: Depression Treatment
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2012 Dec; 37(12): 1193-7
Zhang Y, Zhu X, Zhang S, Bai M, Zhang L, Xue L
Objective: To detect the expression of miR-16 in the hippocampus of a rat depression model induced by maternal deprivation, and to explore whether miR-16 is involved in the pathological process of maternal deprivation-induced depression. Methods: Newborn SD rats were randomly divided into a maternal deprivation group (n=17) and a control group (n=17). Rats in the maternal deprivation group experienced maternal deprivation for 6 h per day from 1st to 14th postnatal day, while rats in the control group rats received no treatment. When the rats were 13 weeks old, depression-like behaviors were assessed by forced swimming test and sucrose consumption test, and the expression of hippocampal miR-16 in rats was detected by real-time RT-PCR. Results: Maternal-deprived rats exhibited significantly longer passive floating time and lower sucrose preference rate than rats in the control group (P<0.05). Maternal-deprivation rats expressed higher level of miR-16 in the hippocampus than rats in the control group, and the expression level of miR-16 was significantly associated with the passive floating time (r=0.65, P<0.05) and the sucrose preference rate (r=-0.59, P<0.05). Conclusion: Maternal deprivation can induce depressive behaviors in rats and increase the expression of miR-16 in the hippocampus in rats. MiR-16 may be involved in the pathological mechanism of the maternal deprivation-induced depression. HubMed – depression
[Drinking in male HBV carriers in the outpatient department].
Filed under: Depression Treatment
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2012 Dec; 37(12): 1274-8
Zou Y, Jiang D, Zeng L
Objective: To understand the relation among drinking, characteristics and emotion in outpatient male carriers with hepatitis B virus (HBV), and to provide reference for alcohol intervention. Methods: We used alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and Beck depression inventory (BDI) to investigate 980 male HBV carriers in the outpatient department. Results: The questionnaires were responded by 544 people with drinking experience for nearly a year (drinking rate 58.18%). The prevalence of moderate drinking was 37.8% (354 patients), hazardous and harmful drinking 17.97% (168 patients) and alcohol dependence 2.35% (22 patients). In groups with different ages, education levels, occupations, income and symptoms, the constituent ratio of the hazardous harmful drinking and alcohol dependence (AUDIT 7-26 scores) was different (P<0.05). The total score in SAS in the alcohol dependence group was much higher than that in the normal group (35.95±11.55 vs 29.78±0.46, P =0.020); the total score in SAS and in BDI was significantly higher in the alcohol dependence group than that in the moderate drinking group and the hazardous harmful drinking group (35.95±11.55 and 10.45±8.95 vs 29.65±7.97 and 6.35±5.65 vs 29.68±7.06 and 6.44±5.27, respectively). Conclusion: Male HBV carriers of 30-49 years old, with education level lower than elementary school or higher than bachelor degree, cadres/professionals with high income and major symptoms show higher harmful/alcohol dependence (AUDIT 7-26 points). Anxiety and depression in the alcohol-dependent male hepatitis B virus carriers are obviously higher than in the moderate drinking group and the hazardous harmful drinking group. HubMed – depression
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